Prevalence of Dyslipidaemia among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Western Cape, South Africa

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health 2020-11, Vol.17 (23), p.8735
• Main Authors: Omodanisi, Elizabeth I, Tomose, Yibanathi, Okeleye, Benjamin I, Ntwampe, Seteno K O, Aboua, Yapo G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Adult; Aged; Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cholesterol; Cholesterol, HDL; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology; Dyslipidemia; Dyslipidemias - epidemiology; Fasting; Female; Glucose; Hemoglobin; High density lipoprotein; Humans; Insulin; Laboratories; Lipids; Lipoproteins; Liver; Low density lipoprotein; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolism; Middle Aged; Plasma; Population; Prevalence; South Africa - epidemiology; Triglycerides; Weight control; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17238735

Dyslipidaemia, an irregular aggregate of lipids in the blood is common in diabetes and cardiovascular disease sufferers. A cross-sectional study on the prevalence of dyslipidaemia was performed among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients in the Western Cape, South Africa. Patients ( = 100) that participated in the study were within the age range of 19-68 years, of whom 89% were observed to have serum lipid abnormalities. Out of the 100 patients, 56%, 64%, 61%, and 65% were recorded to have high total cholesterol (TC), hypertriglycemia, increased low-density lipoproteins cholesterol (LDL-C), and reduced high-density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL-C), respectively. In male diabetic patients, a marked prevalence of (94%) dyslipidemia was noted, of which 52% were affected by high TC (5.3-7.9 mmol/L), with 70% having a high level of triglyceride (TG) [1.72-7.34 mmol/L], while 60% had a high LDL-C (3.1-5.5 mmol/L), including 78% with low HDL-C (0.7-1.1 mmol/L). In comparison, 84% of diabetic females had dyslipidemia, with high TC (5.1-8.1 mmol/L), hypertriglycemia (1.73-8.63 mmol/L), high LDL-C (3.1-5.6 mmol/L), and low levels of HDL-C (0.8-1.1 mmol/L) affecting 60%, 58%, 62%, and 52% of the patients, respectively. This study showed the importance of screening and the regular surveillance of dyslipidaemia in T2DM patients as there is a paucity of data on it in Africa.