Dietary Inflammatory Potential and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease Among Men and Women in the U.S

Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk. This study sought to examine whether proinflammatory diets ar...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2020-11, Vol.76 (19), p.2181-2193
Main Authors: Li, Jun, Lee, Dong Hoon, Hu, Jie, Tabung, Fred K, Li, Yanping, Bhupathiraju, Shilpa N, Rimm, Eric B, Rexrode, Kathryn M, Manson, JoAnn E, Willett, Walter C, Giovannucci, Edward L, Hu, Frank B
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Biomarkers - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - blood
Cardiovascular Diseases - diagnosis
Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology
Cohort Studies
Diet - adverse effects
Diet - trends
Diet, Mediterranean
Dietary Carbohydrates - adverse effects
Dietary Carbohydrates - blood
Dietary Sugars - adverse effects
Dietary Sugars - blood
Energy Intake - physiology
Female
Follow-Up Studies
Humans
Inflammation Mediators - blood
Male
Middle Aged
Prospective Studies
Red Meat - adverse effects
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires
United States - epidemiology
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Summary:Inflammation plays an important role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. Diet modulates inflammation; however, it remains unknown whether dietary patterns with higher inflammatory potential are associated with long-term CVD risk. This study sought to examine whether proinflammatory diets are associated with increased CVD risk. We prospectively followed 74,578 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) (1984-2016), 91,656 women from the NHSII (1991-2015), and 43,911 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2016) who were free of CVD and cancer at baseline. Diet was assessed by food frequency questionnaires every 4 years. The inflammatory potential of diet was evaluated using a food-based empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) score that was pre-defined based on levels of 3 systemic inflammatory biomarkers. During 5,291,518 person-years of follow-up, we documented 15,837 incident CVD cases, including 9,794 coronary heart disease (CHD) cases and 6,174 strokes. In pooled analyses of the 3 cohorts, after adjustment for use of anti-inflammatory medications and CVD risk factors including body mass index, a higher dietary inflammatory potential, as indicated by higher EDIP scores, was associated with an increased risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR] comparing the highest to lowest quintiles: 1.38; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.31 to 1.46; p for trend 
ISSN:0735-1097
1558-3597
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2020.09.535