Development and Optimization of Tin/Flux Mixture for Direct Tinning and Interfacial Bonding in Aluminum/Steel Bimetallic Compound Casting

Interfacial bonding highly affects the quality of bimetallic bearing materials, which primarily depend upon the surface quality of a solid metal substrate in liquid-solid compound casting. In many cases, an intermediate thin metallic layer is deposited on the solid substrate before depositing the li...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materials 2020-12, Vol.13 (24), p.5642
Main Authors: Ramadan, Mohamed, Alghamdi, Abdulaziz S, Hafez, K M, Subhani, Tayyab, Abdel Halim, K S
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alloys
Aluminum base alloys
Bearing materials
Bimetals
Bonding strength
Carbon steels
Chemical bonds
Flux
Hardness
Interfaces
Interfacial bonding
Interfacial strength
Iron and steel making
Jet engines
Liquid metals
Low carbon steel
Mechanical properties
Metals
Optimization
Performance evaluation
Powder metallurgy
Ratios
Shear strength
Shear tests
Solids
Steel constituents
Substrates
Surface properties
Thin films
Thrust bearings
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Summary:Interfacial bonding highly affects the quality of bimetallic bearing materials, which primarily depend upon the surface quality of a solid metal substrate in liquid-solid compound casting. In many cases, an intermediate thin metallic layer is deposited on the solid substrate before depositing the liquid metal, which improves the interfacial bonding of the opposing materials. The present work aims to develop and optimize the tinning process of a solid carbon steel substrate after incorporating flux constituents with the tin powder. Five ratios of tin-to-flux-i.e., 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20-were used for tinning process of carbon steel solid substrate. Furthermore, the effect of volume ratios of liquid Al-based bearing alloy to solid steel substrate were also varied-i.e., 5:1, 6.5:1 and 8.5:1-to optimize the microstructural and mechanical performance, which were evaluated by interfacial microstructural investigation, bonding area determination, hardness and interfacial strength measurements. It was found that a tin-to-flux ratio of 1:10 offered the optimum performance in AlSn12Si4Cu1/steel bimetallic materials, showing a homogenous and continuous interfacial layer structure, while tinned steels using other percentages showed discontinuous and thin layers, as in 1:5 and 1:15, respectively. Furthermore, bimetallic interfacial bonding area and hardness increased by increasing the volume ratio of liquid Al alloy to solid steel substrate. A complete interface bonding area was achieved by using the volume ratio of liquid Al alloy to solid steel substrate of ≥8.5.
ISSN:1996-1944
1996-1944
DOI:10.3390/ma13245642