Obesity Epidemic-The Underestimated Risk of Endometrial Cancer

Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequently observed malignant gynecologic disease in developed countries. There is a strong association between the established risk factor obesity and the incidence of EC. Furthermore, the rate of women with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m is increasing worl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2020-12, Vol.12 (12), p.3860
Main Authors: Kiesel, Ludwig, Eichbaum, Christine, Baumeier, Ariane, Eichbaum, Michael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Body mass index
Cell growth
Endometrial cancer
Endometrium
Hyperglycemia
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Metformin
Obesity
Physical activity
Risk factors
Surgery
Tumorigenesis
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Summary:Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most frequently observed malignant gynecologic disease in developed countries. There is a strong association between the established risk factor obesity and the incidence of EC. Furthermore, the rate of women with a body mass index (BMI) > 30 kg/m is increasing worldwide, correspondingly leading to a higher prevalence of EC. Understanding the adipose tissue as an endocrine organ, elementary pathophysiological pathways of tumorigenesis have been revealed. This includes the fundamental role of hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and hyperestrogenemia, as well as interactions with a chronic proinflammatory microenvironment. Therapeutic options potentially include metformin or bariatric surgery. Moreover, changes in individual lifestyle such as weight reduction, physical activity, and an awareness of healthy nutrition are effective in preventing the disease.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers12123860