Phenology and related traits for wheat adaptation

Wheat is a major food crop, with around 765 million tonnes produced globally. The largest wheat producers include the European Union, China, India, Russia, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Ukraine and Argentina. Cultivation of wheat across such diverse global environments with variation i...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Heredity 2020-12, Vol.125 (6), p.417-430
Main Authors: Hyles, Jessica, Bloomfield, Maxwell T, Hunt, James R, Trethowan, Richard M, Trevaskis, Ben
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation
Adaptation, Physiological
Crops, Agricultural - genetics
Cultivars
Cultivation
Environment
Farming systems
Phenology
Phenotype
Plant Breeding
Review
Triticum - genetics
Variation
Wheat
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Summary:Wheat is a major food crop, with around 765 million tonnes produced globally. The largest wheat producers include the European Union, China, India, Russia, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Ukraine and Argentina. Cultivation of wheat across such diverse global environments with variation in climate, biotic and abiotic stresses, requires cultivars adapted to a range of growing conditions. One intrinsic way that wheat achieves adaptation is through variation in phenology (seasonal timing of the lifecycle) and related traits (e.g., those affecting plant architecture). It is important to understand the genes that underlie this variation, and how they interact with each other, other traits and the growing environment. This review summarises the current understanding of phenology and developmental traits that adapt wheat to different environments. Examples are provided to illustrate how different combinations of alleles can facilitate breeding of wheat varieties with optimal crop performance for different growing regions or farming systems.
ISSN:0018-067X
1365-2540
DOI:10.1038/s41437-020-0320-1