The Related Risk Factors of Diabetic Retinopathy in Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Hospital-Based Cohort Study in Taiwan

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), caused by small vessel disease, is the main cause of blindness in persons with diabetes. Taiwan is one of the Asian countries with the highest prevalence rate of DR. The purpose was to investigate the related risk factors of DR in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mell...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-01, Vol.18 (1), p.307
Main Authors: Chiu, Tsai-Tung, Tsai, Tien-Lung, Su, Mei-Yin, Yang, Tsan, Tseng, Peng-Lin, Lee, Yau-Jiunn, Lee, Chao-Hsien
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Asia
Blindness
Blood pressure
Chewing
Cholesterol
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Creatinine
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - epidemiology
Diabetic neuropathy
Diabetic retinopathy
Diabetic Retinopathy - epidemiology
Disease
Endocrinology
Female
Glucose
Health insurance
Hemodialysis
Hemoglobin
Hospitals
Humans
Low density lipoprotein
Male
Mastication
Middle Aged
Nuts
Older people
Patients
Questionnaires
Retinopathy
Risk analysis
Risk Factors
Smoking
Taiwan - epidemiology
Visual impairment
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Summary:Diabetic retinopathy (DR), caused by small vessel disease, is the main cause of blindness in persons with diabetes. Taiwan is one of the Asian countries with the highest prevalence rate of DR. The purpose was to investigate the related risk factors of DR in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in Lee's Endocrinology Clinic. 792 T2DM patients over 60 years old were invited to have an outpatient visit at least every three months, and all of them were asked to undergo a standardized interview and collect their blood samples. Significant factors were being female (adjusted hazard ratio (HR): 1.287; 95% CI, 1.082-1.531), higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (HR: 1.067; 95% CI: 1.016-1.119), higher mean low density of lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) (HR: 1.004; 95% CI: 1.001-1.006), and chewing betel nut (HR: 1.788; 95% CI: 1.362-2.347). This study showed that gender, the behavior of chewing betel nut, HbA1c, and LDL-c are important factors for the development of DR in elderly patients with T2DM. It is suggested that patients should control their HbA1c and LDL-c and quit chewing betel nut to prevent DR. This suggestion applies especially to female patients.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18010307