Resistance to natural and synthetic gene drive systems

Scientists are rapidly developing synthetic gene drive elements intended for release into natural populations. These are intended to control or eradicate disease vectors and pests, or to spread useful traits through wild populations for disease control or conservation purposes. However, a crucial pr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of evolutionary biology 2020-10, Vol.33 (10), p.1345-1360
Main Authors: Price, Tom A. R., Windbichler, Nikolai, Unckless, Robert L., Sutter, Andreas, Runge, Jan‐Niklas, Ross, Perran A., Pomiankowski, Andrew, Nuckolls, Nicole L., Montchamp‐Moreau, Catherine, Mideo, Nicole, Martin, Oliver Y., Manser, Andri, Legros, Mathieu, Larracuente, Amanda M., Holman, Luke, Godwin, John, Gemmell, Neil, Courret, Cécile, Buchman, Anna, Barrett, Luke G., Lindholm, Anna K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
CRISPR‐Cas9
Disease control
fitness costs
meiotic drive
Natural populations
Pest resistance
Pests
population suppression
Populations
selfish genetic elements
sex ratio distorter
System effectiveness
transposable element
Vectors
Wolbachia
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Summary:Scientists are rapidly developing synthetic gene drive elements intended for release into natural populations. These are intended to control or eradicate disease vectors and pests, or to spread useful traits through wild populations for disease control or conservation purposes. However, a crucial problem for gene drives is the evolution of resistance against them, preventing their spread. Understanding the mechanisms by which populations might evolve resistance is essential for engineering effective gene drive systems. This review summarizes our current knowledge of drive resistance in both natural and synthetic gene drives. We explore how insights from naturally occurring and synthetic drive systems can be integrated to improve the design of gene drives, better predict the outcome of releases and understand genomic conflict in general. Gene drives manipulate reproduction to spread through populations. Here we discuss how the costs they impose can select for suppression of drive. The selection pressure for drive resistance is highest at the locus targeted by drive (1a), but organismal costs can select for unlinked loci throughout the genome to disrupt drive (1b). Finally, gene drive may create selection for mechanisms that suppress the drive at the population level (2). This has implications for the evolution and ecology of natural drives, and for the effective use of synthetic drives to suppress disease vectors and other pests.
ISSN:1010-061X
1420-9101
DOI:10.1111/jeb.13693