Oligodendrocyte lineage cells and depression

Depression is a common mental illness, affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Decades of investigation have yielded symptomatic therapies for this disabling condition but have not led to a consensus about its pathogenesis. There are data to support several different theories of causation,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecular psychiatry 2021-01, Vol.26 (1), p.103-117
Main Authors: Zhou, Butian, Zhu, Zhongqun, Ransom, Bruce R., Tong, Xiaoping
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Behavioral Sciences
Biological Psychology
Cell Lineage
Cell lines
Central nervous system
Depression - drug therapy
Depression - pathology
Depression, Mental
Development and progression
Glial cells
Glial plasticity
Glial stem cells
Health aspects
Humans
Hypothalamus
Immune system
Inflammation
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Myelin
Myelin Sheath
Neurogenesis
Neuronal-glial interactions
Neuroplasticity
Neurosciences
Oligodendrocytes
Oligodendroglia
Oligodendroglia - drug effects
Oligodendroglia - pathology
Pathogenesis
Pharmacotherapy
Pituitary
Progenitor cells
Psychiatry
Psychological aspects
Review
Review Article
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Summary:Depression is a common mental illness, affecting more than 300 million people worldwide. Decades of investigation have yielded symptomatic therapies for this disabling condition but have not led to a consensus about its pathogenesis. There are data to support several different theories of causation, including the monoamine hypothesis, hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis changes, inflammation and immune system alterations, abnormalities of neurogenesis and a conducive environmental milieu. Research in these areas and others has greatly advanced the current understanding of depression; however, there are other, less widely known theories of pathogenesis. Oligodendrocyte lineage cells, including oligodendrocyte progenitor cells and mature oligodendrocytes, have numerous important functions, which include forming myelin sheaths that enwrap central nervous system axons, supporting axons metabolically, and mediating certain forms of neuroplasticity. These specialized glial cells have been implicated in psychiatric disorders such as depression. In this review, we summarize recent findings that shed light on how oligodendrocyte lineage cells might participate in the pathogenesis of depression, and we discuss new approaches for targeting these cells as a novel strategy to treat depression.
ISSN:1359-4184
1476-5578
1476-5578
DOI:10.1038/s41380-020-00930-0