Loading…

Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH

While human vaginal pH in childbearing-age women is conclusively acidic, the mouse vaginal pH is reported as being near neutral. However, this information appears to be somewhat anecdotal with respect to vulvovaginal candidiasis, as such claims in the literature frequently lack citations of studies...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection and immunity 2021-01, Vol.89 (2)
Main Authors: Miao, Jian, Willems, Hubertine M E, Peters, Brian M
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43
container_end_page
container_issue 2
container_start_page
container_title Infection and immunity
container_volume 89
creator Miao, Jian
Willems, Hubertine M E
Peters, Brian M
description While human vaginal pH in childbearing-age women is conclusively acidic, the mouse vaginal pH is reported as being near neutral. However, this information appears to be somewhat anecdotal with respect to vulvovaginal candidiasis, as such claims in the literature frequently lack citations of studies that specifically address this physiological factor. Given the disparate pH between mice and humans, the role of exogenous hormones and colonization by the fungal pathogen in shaping vaginal pH was assessed. Use of a convenient modified vaginal lavage technique with the pH indicator dye phenol red demonstrated that indeed vaginal pH was near neutral (7.2 ± 0.24) and was not altered by delivery of progesterone or estrogen in C57BL/6 mice. These trends were conserved in DBA/2 and CD-1 mouse backgrounds, commonly used in the mouse model of vaginitis. It was also determined that vaginal colonization with did not alter the globally neutral vaginal pH over the course of one week. Construction and validation of a reporter strain expressing GFPy, driven by the pH-responsive promoter, confirmed the murine vaginal pH to be at least ≥6.0. Collectively, our data convincingly demonstrate a stable and conserved near neutrality of the mouse vaginal pH during vulvovaginal candidiasis and should serve as a definitive source for future reference. Implications and rationale for disparate pH in this model system are also discussed.
doi_str_mv 10.1128/iai.00550-20
format article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7822140</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2454657102</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0Eokvhxhn5SCVS7Imd2Bek1ap0VyogIeBqzSaTravEXuykAn59s2yp4MBlRqN59czHy9hLKc6lBPPWoz8XQmtRgHjEFlJYU2gN8JgthJC2sLqqT9iznG_mUillnrKTspSiAgsL5i9-xB2FOGX-mfYptlMz-lvi65iGGCjzEBNfYWh9ixz7rW8wZL6KfQz-F44-Br7sR0p8vCb-kTDNYRoT9vzDzCT-DXc-zNV-_Zw96bDP9OI-n7Kv7y--rNbF1afLzWp5VaAyaixk2VortxKwVrXVEqW1WInOgKGukaiBTCkklQQVUleiAmtBV0ZQ3TSkylP27sjdT9uB2obCYR23T37A9NNF9O7fTvDXbhdvXW0ApBIz4PU9IMXvE-XRDT431PcYaL7JgdKq0rUUMEvfHKVNijkn6h7GSOEO7rjNcuN-u-PgQD47yjEP4G7ilObX5P9pX_19xgP4j3XlHeAOmHU</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2454657102</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH</title><source>American Society for Microbiology</source><source>PubMed Central</source><creator>Miao, Jian ; Willems, Hubertine M E ; Peters, Brian M</creator><contributor>Noverr, Mairi C ; Noverr, Mairi C.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Miao, Jian ; Willems, Hubertine M E ; Peters, Brian M ; Noverr, Mairi C ; Noverr, Mairi C.</creatorcontrib><description>While human vaginal pH in childbearing-age women is conclusively acidic, the mouse vaginal pH is reported as being near neutral. However, this information appears to be somewhat anecdotal with respect to vulvovaginal candidiasis, as such claims in the literature frequently lack citations of studies that specifically address this physiological factor. Given the disparate pH between mice and humans, the role of exogenous hormones and colonization by the fungal pathogen in shaping vaginal pH was assessed. Use of a convenient modified vaginal lavage technique with the pH indicator dye phenol red demonstrated that indeed vaginal pH was near neutral (7.2 ± 0.24) and was not altered by delivery of progesterone or estrogen in C57BL/6 mice. These trends were conserved in DBA/2 and CD-1 mouse backgrounds, commonly used in the mouse model of vaginitis. It was also determined that vaginal colonization with did not alter the globally neutral vaginal pH over the course of one week. Construction and validation of a reporter strain expressing GFPy, driven by the pH-responsive promoter, confirmed the murine vaginal pH to be at least ≥6.0. Collectively, our data convincingly demonstrate a stable and conserved near neutrality of the mouse vaginal pH during vulvovaginal candidiasis and should serve as a definitive source for future reference. Implications and rationale for disparate pH in this model system are also discussed.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0019-9567</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1098-5522</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1128/iai.00550-20</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33106292</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: American Society for Microbiology</publisher><subject>Comment On ; Host Response and Inflammation ; Spotlight</subject><ispartof>Infection and immunity, 2021-01, Vol.89 (2)</ispartof><rights>Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2021 American Society for Microbiology. 2021 American Society for Microbiology</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-0445-2077</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/pdf/10.1128/IAI.00550-20$$EPDF$$P50$$Gasm2$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://journals.asm.org/doi/full/10.1128/IAI.00550-20$$EHTML$$P50$$Gasm2$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,3188,27924,27925,52751,52752,52753,53791,53793</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33106292$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Noverr, Mairi C</contributor><contributor>Noverr, Mairi C.</contributor><creatorcontrib>Miao, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willems, Hubertine M E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peters, Brian M</creatorcontrib><title>Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH</title><title>Infection and immunity</title><addtitle>Infect Immun</addtitle><addtitle>Infect Immun</addtitle><description>While human vaginal pH in childbearing-age women is conclusively acidic, the mouse vaginal pH is reported as being near neutral. However, this information appears to be somewhat anecdotal with respect to vulvovaginal candidiasis, as such claims in the literature frequently lack citations of studies that specifically address this physiological factor. Given the disparate pH between mice and humans, the role of exogenous hormones and colonization by the fungal pathogen in shaping vaginal pH was assessed. Use of a convenient modified vaginal lavage technique with the pH indicator dye phenol red demonstrated that indeed vaginal pH was near neutral (7.2 ± 0.24) and was not altered by delivery of progesterone or estrogen in C57BL/6 mice. These trends were conserved in DBA/2 and CD-1 mouse backgrounds, commonly used in the mouse model of vaginitis. It was also determined that vaginal colonization with did not alter the globally neutral vaginal pH over the course of one week. Construction and validation of a reporter strain expressing GFPy, driven by the pH-responsive promoter, confirmed the murine vaginal pH to be at least ≥6.0. Collectively, our data convincingly demonstrate a stable and conserved near neutrality of the mouse vaginal pH during vulvovaginal candidiasis and should serve as a definitive source for future reference. Implications and rationale for disparate pH in this model system are also discussed.</description><subject>Comment On</subject><subject>Host Response and Inflammation</subject><subject>Spotlight</subject><issn>0019-9567</issn><issn>1098-5522</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNp1kU1v1DAQhi0Eokvhxhn5SCVS7Imd2Bek1ap0VyogIeBqzSaTravEXuykAn59s2yp4MBlRqN59czHy9hLKc6lBPPWoz8XQmtRgHjEFlJYU2gN8JgthJC2sLqqT9iznG_mUillnrKTspSiAgsL5i9-xB2FOGX-mfYptlMz-lvi65iGGCjzEBNfYWh9ixz7rW8wZL6KfQz-F44-Br7sR0p8vCb-kTDNYRoT9vzDzCT-DXc-zNV-_Zw96bDP9OI-n7Kv7y--rNbF1afLzWp5VaAyaixk2VortxKwVrXVEqW1WInOgKGukaiBTCkklQQVUleiAmtBV0ZQ3TSkylP27sjdT9uB2obCYR23T37A9NNF9O7fTvDXbhdvXW0ApBIz4PU9IMXvE-XRDT431PcYaL7JgdKq0rUUMEvfHKVNijkn6h7GSOEO7rjNcuN-u-PgQD47yjEP4G7ilObX5P9pX_19xgP4j3XlHeAOmHU</recordid><startdate>20210119</startdate><enddate>20210119</enddate><creator>Miao, Jian</creator><creator>Willems, Hubertine M E</creator><creator>Peters, Brian M</creator><general>American Society for Microbiology</general><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-2077</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210119</creationdate><title>Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH</title><author>Miao, Jian ; Willems, Hubertine M E ; Peters, Brian M</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Comment On</topic><topic>Host Response and Inflammation</topic><topic>Spotlight</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Miao, Jian</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Willems, Hubertine M E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Peters, Brian M</creatorcontrib><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Infection and immunity</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Miao, Jian</au><au>Willems, Hubertine M E</au><au>Peters, Brian M</au><au>Noverr, Mairi C</au><au>Noverr, Mairi C.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH</atitle><jtitle>Infection and immunity</jtitle><stitle>Infect Immun</stitle><addtitle>Infect Immun</addtitle><date>2021-01-19</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>89</volume><issue>2</issue><issn>0019-9567</issn><eissn>1098-5522</eissn><abstract>While human vaginal pH in childbearing-age women is conclusively acidic, the mouse vaginal pH is reported as being near neutral. However, this information appears to be somewhat anecdotal with respect to vulvovaginal candidiasis, as such claims in the literature frequently lack citations of studies that specifically address this physiological factor. Given the disparate pH between mice and humans, the role of exogenous hormones and colonization by the fungal pathogen in shaping vaginal pH was assessed. Use of a convenient modified vaginal lavage technique with the pH indicator dye phenol red demonstrated that indeed vaginal pH was near neutral (7.2 ± 0.24) and was not altered by delivery of progesterone or estrogen in C57BL/6 mice. These trends were conserved in DBA/2 and CD-1 mouse backgrounds, commonly used in the mouse model of vaginitis. It was also determined that vaginal colonization with did not alter the globally neutral vaginal pH over the course of one week. Construction and validation of a reporter strain expressing GFPy, driven by the pH-responsive promoter, confirmed the murine vaginal pH to be at least ≥6.0. Collectively, our data convincingly demonstrate a stable and conserved near neutrality of the mouse vaginal pH during vulvovaginal candidiasis and should serve as a definitive source for future reference. Implications and rationale for disparate pH in this model system are also discussed.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>American Society for Microbiology</pub><pmid>33106292</pmid><doi>10.1128/iai.00550-20</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0445-2077</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0019-9567
ispartof Infection and immunity, 2021-01, Vol.89 (2)
issn 0019-9567
1098-5522
language eng
recordid cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7822140
source American Society for Microbiology; PubMed Central
subjects Comment On
Host Response and Inflammation
Spotlight
title Exogenous Reproductive Hormones nor Candida albicans Colonization Alter the Near Neutral Mouse Vaginal pH
url http://sfxeu10.hosted.exlibrisgroup.com/loughborough?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-23T07%3A41%3A24IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_pubme&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Exogenous%20Reproductive%20Hormones%20nor%20Candida%20albicans%20Colonization%20Alter%20the%20Near%20Neutral%20Mouse%20Vaginal%20pH&rft.jtitle=Infection%20and%20immunity&rft.au=Miao,%20Jian&rft.date=2021-01-19&rft.volume=89&rft.issue=2&rft.issn=0019-9567&rft.eissn=1098-5522&rft_id=info:doi/10.1128/iai.00550-20&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_pubme%3E2454657102%3C/proquest_pubme%3E%3Cgrp_id%3Ecdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a484t-13d991b12a747951a199a60f828efc1a52e8301e3e26aef3a429925680e7cce43%3C/grp_id%3E%3Coa%3E%3C/oa%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2454657102&rft_id=info:pmid/33106292&rfr_iscdi=true