Beneficial Effects of a Mixture of Algae and Extra Virgin Olive Oils on the Age-Induced Alterations of Rodent Skeletal Muscle: Role of HDAC-4

• Published in: Nutrients 2020-12, Vol.13 (1), p.44
• Main Authors: González-Hedström, Daniel, Priego, Teresa, López-Calderón, Asunción, Amor, Sara, de la Fuente-Fernández, María, Inarejos-García, Antonio Manuel, García-Villalón, Ángel Luis, Martín, Ana Isabel, Granado, Miriam
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Aging; Aging (artificial); AKT protein; Algae; Analysis; Autophagy; Biotechnology industry; Chains; Enzymes; Fatty acids; Growth factors; Histone deacetylase; Hormones; Inflammation; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Insulin-like growth factor I; Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5; Insulin-like growth factors; Interleukin 10; Interleukin 6; Interleukins; Laboratory animals; Metabolism; Mitochondrial DNA; mRNA; Muscle proteins; Muscles; Musculoskeletal system; Myogenin; Myosin; Olive oil; Phagocytosis; Protein binding; Proteins; RNA; Sarcopenia; Senescence; Skeletal muscle; Thermal cycling
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu13010044

Aging is associated with a progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength and function (sarcopenia). We have investigated whether a mixture of algae oil (25%) and extra virgin olive oil (75%) could exert beneficial effects on sarcopenia. Young (3 months) and old (24 months) male Wistar rats were treated with vehicle or with the oil mixture (OM) (2.5 mL/kg) for 21 days. Aging decreased gastrocnemius weight, total protein, and myosin heavy chain mRNA. Treatment with the OM prevented these effects. Concomitantly, OM administration decreased the inflammatory state in muscle; it prevented the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) and the decrease in anti-inflammatory interleukin-10 (IL-10) in aged rats. The OM was not able to prevent aging-induced alterations in either the insulin-like growth factor I/protein kinase B (IGF-I/Akt) pathway or in the increased expression of atrogenes in the gastrocnemius. However, the OM prevented decreased autophagy activity (ratio protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3b) II/I) induced by aging and increased expression of factors related with muscle senescence such as histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC-4), myogenin, and IGF-I binding protein 5 (IGFBP-5). These data suggest that the beneficial effects of the OM on muscle can be secondary to its anti-inflammatory effect and to the normalization of HDAC-4 and myogenin levels, making this treatment an alternative therapeutic tool for sarcopenia.