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Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Introduction A psychometric analysis on type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients was performed to assess whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were dependent upon either the psychologic or economic attitude toward the use of insulin as a treatment for their diabetic condition. Methods A cross-sectional s...
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| Published in: | Diabetes therapy 2021-01, Vol.12 (1), p.159-170 |
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| creator | Ku, Eu Jeong Lee, Dong-Hwa Jeon, Hyun Jeong Park, Frank Oh, Tae Keun |
| description | Introduction
A psychometric analysis on type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients was performed to assess whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were dependent upon either the psychologic or economic attitude toward the use of insulin as a treatment for their diabetic condition.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed using 271 patients with T2D who regularly visited a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea from June 2019 to December 2019. Each patient enrolled in this protocol was treated with insulin for at least 6 months, had recordings of their plasma HbA1c measurement, and completed validated questionnaires consisting of items focusing on patient attitudes toward insulin use [Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale (ITAS)] and cost-related issues related to diabetic supply purchase. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between their HbA1c and each item on the questionnaires.
Results
In both males and females, there was a significant association (
P
|
| doi_str_mv | 10.1007/s13300-020-00947-2 |
| format | article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_pubme</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_pubmedcentral_primary_oai_pubmedcentral_nih_gov_7843692</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A651346866</galeid><sourcerecordid>A651346866</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c541t-45c86d650a01c730be9d133c44cafc1033cf93834229e6e69a8088a2b5ba31d73</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp9Uk1r3DAQNaWlCWn-QA9F0EsvTvRlrXQpbJO0DQS6lPQsZHnsVbCtjSQv7L-vnE03SSmVEBrpvXmjEa8o3hN8RjBenEfCGMYlpnlhxRclfVUcEylUKZQgrw9xxY6K0xjvcB5MKUXI2-IopypZCX5c3K_izq79ACk4i5aj6XfRRfQTOhMaN3YorQF9MSE4CBElj1bBb90DctW2YJPbAroe49S7Ed0GMGmAMaH5sNsAoujSmRpS1l6Z5DIU3xVvWtNHOH3cT4pfX69uL76XNz--XV8sb0pbcZJKXlkpGlFhg4ldMFyDanLLlnNrWktwDlvFJOOUKhAglJFYSkPrqjaMNAt2Unze626meoDG5trB9HoT3GDCTnvj9EtkdGvd-a1eSM6Eolng06NA8PcTxKQHFy30vRnBT1FTnh-KhcBVpn78i3rnp5A_M7MqQpkUhIsnVmd60G5sfa5rZ1G9FBVhXEgxs87-wcqzgcFZP0Lr8v2LBLpPsMHHGKA99Eiwnr2i917R2Sv6wSt6bu7D8985pPxxRiawPSFmaOwgPLX0H9nfoWzI3Q</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Access Repository</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2512386146</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients</title><source>PubMed (Medline)</source><source>LexisNexis - News & Business</source><source>Publicly Available Content Database</source><source>Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access </source><creator>Ku, Eu Jeong ; Lee, Dong-Hwa ; Jeon, Hyun Jeong ; Park, Frank ; Oh, Tae Keun</creator><creatorcontrib>Ku, Eu Jeong ; Lee, Dong-Hwa ; Jeon, Hyun Jeong ; Park, Frank ; Oh, Tae Keun</creatorcontrib><description>Introduction
A psychometric analysis on type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients was performed to assess whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were dependent upon either the psychologic or economic attitude toward the use of insulin as a treatment for their diabetic condition.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed using 271 patients with T2D who regularly visited a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea from June 2019 to December 2019. Each patient enrolled in this protocol was treated with insulin for at least 6 months, had recordings of their plasma HbA1c measurement, and completed validated questionnaires consisting of items focusing on patient attitudes toward insulin use [Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale (ITAS)] and cost-related issues related to diabetic supply purchase. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between their HbA1c and each item on the questionnaires.
Results
In both males and females, there was a significant association (
P
< 0.05) between HbA1c levels and multiple items on the ITAS questionnaire, which are generally regarded as a negative perception (ITAS 1 “personal failure” and ITAS 2 “illness severity” in males and ITAS 12 “expected harm” and ITAS 15 “restrictiveness” in females). In females, however, not all perceptions were negative, since one item (ITAS 8 “anticipated effect”) was correlated with the measurement of a lower HbA1c level (− 0.495 ± 0.211,
P
< 0.05). There was no association between the levels of HbA1c and the cost of insulin or associated diabetic supplies. Since only a few patients in this study chose to reduce their drug dosing because of cost, the resistance to using insulin is likely not driven by economic reasons.
Conclusion
The psychometric results of the ITAS suggested that HbA1c levels were directly associated with a positive attitude of the patient to willingly use insulin for therapy. The cost of the insulin therapy was not associated with HbA1c levels. These findings in the Korean population suggest that continued education is needed to ensure that T2D patients have a reinforced positive psychology toward the use of insulin in the control of their glycemia.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1869-6953</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1869-6961</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1007/s13300-020-00947-2</identifier><identifier>PMID: 33098564</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Cheshire: Springer Healthcare</publisher><subject>Cardiology ; Diabetes ; Drug therapy ; Endocrinology ; Glucose ; Hemoglobin ; Insulin ; Insulin resistance ; Internal Medicine ; Medicine ; Medicine & Public Health ; Original Research ; Patients ; Psychological aspects ; Quantitative psychology ; Questionnaires ; Type 2 diabetes</subject><ispartof>Diabetes therapy, 2021-01, Vol.12 (1), p.159-170</ispartof><rights>The Author(s) 2020</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2020 Springer</rights><rights>The Author(s) 2020. This work is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c541t-45c86d650a01c730be9d133c44cafc1033cf93834229e6e69a8088a2b5ba31d73</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c541t-45c86d650a01c730be9d133c44cafc1033cf93834229e6e69a8088a2b5ba31d73</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5533-4989</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2512386146/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2512386146?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25752,27923,27924,37011,37012,44589,53790,53792,74997</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33098564$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ku, Eu Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Dong-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Hyun Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Tae Keun</creatorcontrib><title>Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients</title><title>Diabetes therapy</title><addtitle>Diabetes Ther</addtitle><addtitle>Diabetes Ther</addtitle><description>Introduction
A psychometric analysis on type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients was performed to assess whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were dependent upon either the psychologic or economic attitude toward the use of insulin as a treatment for their diabetic condition.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed using 271 patients with T2D who regularly visited a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea from June 2019 to December 2019. Each patient enrolled in this protocol was treated with insulin for at least 6 months, had recordings of their plasma HbA1c measurement, and completed validated questionnaires consisting of items focusing on patient attitudes toward insulin use [Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale (ITAS)] and cost-related issues related to diabetic supply purchase. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between their HbA1c and each item on the questionnaires.
Results
In both males and females, there was a significant association (
P
< 0.05) between HbA1c levels and multiple items on the ITAS questionnaire, which are generally regarded as a negative perception (ITAS 1 “personal failure” and ITAS 2 “illness severity” in males and ITAS 12 “expected harm” and ITAS 15 “restrictiveness” in females). In females, however, not all perceptions were negative, since one item (ITAS 8 “anticipated effect”) was correlated with the measurement of a lower HbA1c level (− 0.495 ± 0.211,
P
< 0.05). There was no association between the levels of HbA1c and the cost of insulin or associated diabetic supplies. Since only a few patients in this study chose to reduce their drug dosing because of cost, the resistance to using insulin is likely not driven by economic reasons.
Conclusion
The psychometric results of the ITAS suggested that HbA1c levels were directly associated with a positive attitude of the patient to willingly use insulin for therapy. The cost of the insulin therapy was not associated with HbA1c levels. These findings in the Korean population suggest that continued education is needed to ensure that T2D patients have a reinforced positive psychology toward the use of insulin in the control of their glycemia.</description><subject>Cardiology</subject><subject>Diabetes</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Glucose</subject><subject>Hemoglobin</subject><subject>Insulin</subject><subject>Insulin resistance</subject><subject>Internal Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Medicine & Public Health</subject><subject>Original Research</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Psychological aspects</subject><subject>Quantitative psychology</subject><subject>Questionnaires</subject><subject>Type 2 diabetes</subject><issn>1869-6953</issn><issn>1869-6961</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNp9Uk1r3DAQNaWlCWn-QA9F0EsvTvRlrXQpbJO0DQS6lPQsZHnsVbCtjSQv7L-vnE03SSmVEBrpvXmjEa8o3hN8RjBenEfCGMYlpnlhxRclfVUcEylUKZQgrw9xxY6K0xjvcB5MKUXI2-IopypZCX5c3K_izq79ACk4i5aj6XfRRfQTOhMaN3YorQF9MSE4CBElj1bBb90DctW2YJPbAroe49S7Ed0GMGmAMaH5sNsAoujSmRpS1l6Z5DIU3xVvWtNHOH3cT4pfX69uL76XNz--XV8sb0pbcZJKXlkpGlFhg4ldMFyDanLLlnNrWktwDlvFJOOUKhAglJFYSkPrqjaMNAt2Unze626meoDG5trB9HoT3GDCTnvj9EtkdGvd-a1eSM6Eolng06NA8PcTxKQHFy30vRnBT1FTnh-KhcBVpn78i3rnp5A_M7MqQpkUhIsnVmd60G5sfa5rZ1G9FBVhXEgxs87-wcqzgcFZP0Lr8v2LBLpPsMHHGKA99Eiwnr2i917R2Sv6wSt6bu7D8985pPxxRiawPSFmaOwgPLX0H9nfoWzI3Q</recordid><startdate>20210101</startdate><enddate>20210101</enddate><creator>Ku, Eu Jeong</creator><creator>Lee, Dong-Hwa</creator><creator>Jeon, Hyun Jeong</creator><creator>Park, Frank</creator><creator>Oh, Tae Keun</creator><general>Springer Healthcare</general><general>Springer</general><general>Springer Nature B.V</general><scope>C6C</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>K9-</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>M0R</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5533-4989</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210101</creationdate><title>Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients</title><author>Ku, Eu Jeong ; Lee, Dong-Hwa ; Jeon, Hyun Jeong ; Park, Frank ; Oh, Tae Keun</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c541t-45c86d650a01c730be9d133c44cafc1033cf93834229e6e69a8088a2b5ba31d73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Cardiology</topic><topic>Diabetes</topic><topic>Drug therapy</topic><topic>Endocrinology</topic><topic>Glucose</topic><topic>Hemoglobin</topic><topic>Insulin</topic><topic>Insulin resistance</topic><topic>Internal Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine</topic><topic>Medicine & Public Health</topic><topic>Original Research</topic><topic>Patients</topic><topic>Psychological aspects</topic><topic>Quantitative psychology</topic><topic>Questionnaires</topic><topic>Type 2 diabetes</topic><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Ku, Eu Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lee, Dong-Hwa</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jeon, Hyun Jeong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Park, Frank</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Oh, Tae Keun</creatorcontrib><collection>SpringerOpen</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Journals</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>Consumer Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Family Health Database (Proquest)</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content Database</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Diabetes therapy</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ku, Eu Jeong</au><au>Lee, Dong-Hwa</au><au>Jeon, Hyun Jeong</au><au>Park, Frank</au><au>Oh, Tae Keun</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients</atitle><jtitle>Diabetes therapy</jtitle><stitle>Diabetes Ther</stitle><addtitle>Diabetes Ther</addtitle><date>2021-01-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>159</spage><epage>170</epage><pages>159-170</pages><issn>1869-6953</issn><eissn>1869-6961</eissn><abstract>Introduction
A psychometric analysis on type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients was performed to assess whether glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were dependent upon either the psychologic or economic attitude toward the use of insulin as a treatment for their diabetic condition.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was designed using 271 patients with T2D who regularly visited a tertiary referral hospital in South Korea from June 2019 to December 2019. Each patient enrolled in this protocol was treated with insulin for at least 6 months, had recordings of their plasma HbA1c measurement, and completed validated questionnaires consisting of items focusing on patient attitudes toward insulin use [Insulin Treatment Appraisal Scale (ITAS)] and cost-related issues related to diabetic supply purchase. Multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the association between their HbA1c and each item on the questionnaires.
Results
In both males and females, there was a significant association (
P
< 0.05) between HbA1c levels and multiple items on the ITAS questionnaire, which are generally regarded as a negative perception (ITAS 1 “personal failure” and ITAS 2 “illness severity” in males and ITAS 12 “expected harm” and ITAS 15 “restrictiveness” in females). In females, however, not all perceptions were negative, since one item (ITAS 8 “anticipated effect”) was correlated with the measurement of a lower HbA1c level (− 0.495 ± 0.211,
P
< 0.05). There was no association between the levels of HbA1c and the cost of insulin or associated diabetic supplies. Since only a few patients in this study chose to reduce their drug dosing because of cost, the resistance to using insulin is likely not driven by economic reasons.
Conclusion
The psychometric results of the ITAS suggested that HbA1c levels were directly associated with a positive attitude of the patient to willingly use insulin for therapy. The cost of the insulin therapy was not associated with HbA1c levels. These findings in the Korean population suggest that continued education is needed to ensure that T2D patients have a reinforced positive psychology toward the use of insulin in the control of their glycemia.</abstract><cop>Cheshire</cop><pub>Springer Healthcare</pub><pmid>33098564</pmid><doi>10.1007/s13300-020-00947-2</doi><tpages>12</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5533-4989</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| source | PubMed (Medline); LexisNexis - News & Business; Publicly Available Content Database; Springer Nature - SpringerLink Journals - Fully Open Access |
| subjects | Cardiology Diabetes Drug therapy Endocrinology Glucose Hemoglobin Insulin Insulin resistance Internal Medicine Medicine Medicine & Public Health Original Research Patients Psychological aspects Quantitative psychology Questionnaires Type 2 diabetes |
| title | Psychometric Analysis Regarding the Barriers to Providing Effective Insulin Treatment in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
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