Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a Model To Study Chemosensory Pathway Signaling

Bacteria have evolved a variety of signal transduction mechanisms that generate different outputs in response to external stimuli. Chemosensory pathways are widespread in bacteria and are among the most complex signaling mechanisms, requiring the participation of at least six proteins. These pathway...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Microbiology and molecular biology reviews 2021-02, Vol.85 (1)
Main Authors: Matilla, Miguel A, Martín-Mora, David, Gavira, Jose A, Krell, Tino
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bacteria
Bacterial Proteins - metabolism
Chemoreception
Chemoreceptors
Chemotaxis
Chemotaxis - physiology
External stimuli
Flagella
Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial - genetics
Histidine Kinase - metabolism
Methyl-Accepting Chemotaxis Proteins - metabolism
Methylation
Methyltransferases - metabolism
Post-transcription
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Pseudomonas aeruginosa - metabolism
Regulatory mechanisms (biology)
Review
Signal transduction
Signal Transduction - physiology
Signaling
Twitching
Virulence
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Summary:Bacteria have evolved a variety of signal transduction mechanisms that generate different outputs in response to external stimuli. Chemosensory pathways are widespread in bacteria and are among the most complex signaling mechanisms, requiring the participation of at least six proteins. These pathways mediate flagellar chemotaxis, in addition to controlling alternative functions such as second messenger levels or twitching motility. The human pathogen has four different chemosensory pathways that carry out different functions and are stimulated by signal binding to 26 chemoreceptors. Recent research employing a diverse range of experimental approaches has advanced enormously our knowledge on these four pathways, establishing as a primary model organism in this field. In the first part of this article, we review data on the function and physiological relevance of chemosensory pathways as well as their involvement in virulence, whereas the different transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern pathway function are summarized in the second part. The information presented will be of help to advance the understanding of pathway function in other organisms.
ISSN:1092-2172
1098-5557
DOI:10.1128/MMBR.00151-20