Obesity as a Risk Factor for Radiographic Contrast-Induced Nephropathy

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is common. Risk factors include preexisting renal impairment, diabetes, elderly age, and dehydration. In a single-centre prospective study, we investigated which factors are implicated for CIN in patients with peripheral arterial disease due for angiography. Serum...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Angiology 2021-03, Vol.72 (3), p.274-278
Main Authors: Kabeer, Muhammad Asif, Cross, Jennifer, Hamilton, George, Rashid, Sheikh Tawqeer
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Angiography - adverse effects
Biomarkers - blood
Body Mass Index
Contrast Media - adverse effects
Contrast-Induced Nephropathy
Creatinine - blood
Female
Humans
Kidney - physiopathology
Kidney Diseases - chemically induced
Kidney Diseases - diagnosis
Kidney Diseases - physiopathology
Kidney Diseases - therapy
Male
Middle Aged
Obesity - complications
Obesity - diagnosis
Peripheral Arterial Disease - complications
Peripheral Arterial Disease - diagnostic imaging
Prospective Studies
Risk Assessment
Risk Factors
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Summary:Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is common. Risk factors include preexisting renal impairment, diabetes, elderly age, and dehydration. In a single-centre prospective study, we investigated which factors are implicated for CIN in patients with peripheral arterial disease due for angiography. Serum creatinine was measured before, 1, 2, and 7 days post-angiography. We also considered the chronic kidney disease stage of the patients at admission and 48 hours post-contrast. All patients received 500 mL normal saline pre- and post-angiography and a low-osmolality contrast medium. 6 of 94 patients developed CIN: 1 required dialysis and 1 died partly due to renal failure. Only 2 factors were associated with CIN: body mass index (BMI; P = .019) and kidney function (P = .001); 4 of 6 patients with CIN were obese (BMI ≥30) and only 2 were nonobese (P = .0092). Diabetes, contrast volume, and age were not significant risk factors. Our results confirm renal impairment raises the risk of CIN. To our knowledge, we report for the first time that obesity may be a risk factor for CIN. Pending confirmatory studies and given the rising prevalence of obesity, this finding could help identify at-risk patients and hence reduce the burden of CIN.
ISSN:0003-3197
1940-1574
DOI:10.1177/0003319720969536