SARS-CoV-2: Insight in genome structure, pathogenesis and viral receptor binding analysis – An updated review

• Published in: International immunopharmacology 2021-06, Vol.95, p.107493-107493, Article 107493
• Main Authors: Bhat, Eijaz Ahmed, khan, Johra, Sajjad, Nasreena, Ali, Ahmad, Aldakeel, Fahad M., Mateen, Ayesha, Alqahtani, Mohammed S., Syed, Rabbani
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adenosine Monophosphate - analogs & derivatives; Adenosine Monophosphate - therapeutic use; Alanine - analogs & derivatives; Alanine - therapeutic use; Animals; Binding; Chloroquine - therapeutic use; Clinical trials; Coronavirus; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 - etiology; COVID-19 - transmission; COVID-19 Drug Treatment; COVID-19 Vaccines - therapeutic use; Epidemics; Etiology; Genome, Viral; Genomes; Homology; Humans; Immune response; Infectious diseases; Influenza; MERS-CoV; Nucleotide sequence; Outbreaks; Pandemics; Pathogenesis; Public health; Receptors; Receptors, Coronavirus - chemistry; Receptors, Coronavirus - genetics; Respiratory diseases; Review; RNA viruses; SARS-CoV-2; SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry; SARS-CoV-2 - drug effects; SARS-CoV-2 - genetics; SARS-CoV-2 - pathogenicity; Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Spike protein; Vaccine; Viral diseases; Virus Attachment; Viruses
• ISSN: 1567-5769; 1878-1705; 1878-1705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107493

[Display omitted] •The CoVs are large family with single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA).•Urgency of pharmacological intervention to combat deadly infectious disease.•Insight genome structure, etiology, clinical prognosis and viral receptor binding.•Emerging exploration of Vaccine development and relevant precautions. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) a global pandemic outbreak is an emerging new virus accountable for respiratory illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, originated in Wuhan city, Hubei province China, urgently calls to adopt prevention and intervention strategies. Several viral epidemics such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 to 2003 and H1N1 influenza in 2009 were reported since last two decades. Moreover, the Saudi Arabia was the epicenter for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012. The CoVs are large family with single-stranded RNA viruses (+ssRNA). Genome sequence of 2019-nCoV, shows relatively different homology from other coronavirus subtypes, categorized in betacoronavirus and possibly found from strain of bats. The COVID-19 composed of exposed densely glycosylated spike protein (S) determines virus binding and infiltrate into host cells as well as initiate protective host immune response. Recently published reviews on the emerging SARS-CoV-2 have mainly focused on its structure, development of the outbreak, relevant precautions and management trials. Currently, there is an urgency of pharmacological intervention to combat this deadly infectious disease. Elucidation of molecular mechanism of COVID-19 becomes necessary. Based on the current literature and understanding, the aim of this review is to provide current genome structure, etiology, clinical prognosis as well as to explore the viral receptor binding together functional insight of SARS-CoV-2 infection (COVID-19) with treatment and preventive measures.