Inflammatory versus Anti-inflammatory Profiles in Major Depressive Disorders-The Role of IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-35 and Foxp3

The authors of this research study intended to verify whether there are any changes in gene expression in depressed patients without coexisting inflammatory diseases for selected immune-inflammatory factors that are particularly important in autoimmune disease pathogenesis (IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-3...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of personalized medicine 2021-01, Vol.11 (2), p.66
Main Authors: Gałecka, Małgorzata, Bliźniewska-Kowalska, Katarzyna, Orzechowska, Agata, Szemraj, Janusz, Maes, Michael, Berk, Michael, Su, Kuan-Pin, Gałecki, Piotr
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autoimmune diseases
Comorbidity
Foxp3 protein
Gene expression
Inflammatory diseases
Interleukin 17
Interleukin 21
Interleukin 23
Mental depression
Mental disorders
Multiple sclerosis
Neurotransmitters
Pathophysiology
Polymerase chain reaction
Precision medicine
Proteins
Rheumatoid arthritis
Statistical analysis
Therapeutic targets
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Summary:The authors of this research study intended to verify whether there are any changes in gene expression in depressed patients without coexisting inflammatory diseases for selected immune-inflammatory factors that are particularly important in autoimmune disease pathogenesis (IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, IL-35, Foxp3). The study was carried out on a group of 190 patients with depression and 100 healthy volunteers. The severity of depressive symptoms was assessed using the Hamilton Depression Scale. RT-PCR was used to evaluate mRNA expression and ELISA was used to measure protein expression of these genes. The level of gene expression for IL-17, IL-21, IL-23, and IL-35 was substantially higher in the group of patients with depression compared to the control group. The mean mRNA expression of Foxp3 was considerably reduced in patients suffering from depressive disorders. There was a statistically significant correlation between the number of hospitalizations and the expression of specific inflammatory factors. Expression of specific inflammatory genes may be a factor in the etiopathogenesis of depressive disorders. The duration of the disease seems to be more important for the expression of the genes in question than the severity of depression. These cytokines may affect the metabolism of neurotransmitters and neuroendocrine functions in the brain as well as be a marker and a new potential therapeutic target for recurrent depressive disorders.
ISSN:2075-4426
2075-4426
DOI:10.3390/jpm11020066