Imbalance in the Levels of Angiogenic Factors in Patients with Acute and Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

The pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) remains a subject of intensive research. We aimed to determine correlations between plasma levels of selected angiogenic factors and different forms of CSC. Eighty patients were enrolled in the study including 30 with a chronic form of CSC,...

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Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2021-03, Vol.10 (5), p.1087
Main Authors: Karska-Basta, Izabella, Pociej-Marciak, Weronika, Chrząszcz, Michał, Kubicka-Trząska, Agnieszka, Dębicka-Kumela, Magdalena, Gawęcki, Maciej, Romanowska-Dixon, Bożena, Sanak, Marek
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiogenesis
Clinical medicine
Cytokines
Diabetic retinopathy
Disease
Macular degeneration
Medical imaging
Pathogenesis
Plasma
Retinal detachment
Variance analysis
Vascular endothelial growth factor
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Summary:The pathogenesis of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) remains a subject of intensive research. We aimed to determine correlations between plasma levels of selected angiogenic factors and different forms of CSC. Eighty patients were enrolled in the study including 30 with a chronic form of CSC, 30 with acute CSC, and 20 controls. Presence of active CSC was determined by fluorescein angiography (FA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT). Plasma concentrations of angiopoietin-1, endostatin, fibroblast growth factor, placental growth factor (PlGF), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-AA), thrombospondin-2, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-D, and pigment epithelium-derived factor were measured, and the results were compared between groups. Additionally, mean choroidal thickness (CT) was measured in all patients. Levels of angiopoietin-1 ( = 0.008), PlGF ( = 0.045), and PDGF-AA ( = 0.033) differed significantly between the three groups. Compared with the controls, VEGF ( = 0.024), PlGF ( = 0.013), and PDGF-AA ( = 0.012) were downregulated in the whole CSC group, specifically PDGF-AA ( = 0.002) in acute CSC and angiopoietin-1 ( = 0.007) in chronic CSC. An inverse correlation between mean CT and VEGF levels was noted in CSC patients ( = -0.27, = 0.044). Downregulated angiopoietin-1, VEGF, PDGF-AA, and PlGF levels may highlight the previously unknown role of the imbalanced levels of proangiogenic and antiangiogenic factors in the pathogenesis of CSC. Moreover, downregulated VEGF levels may suggest that choroidal neovascularization in CSC is associated with arteriogenesis rather than angiogenesis.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm10051087