Microbiological Surveillance of Endoscopes in a Southern Italian Transplantation Hospital: A Retrospective Study from 2016 to 2019

• Published in: International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-03, Vol.18 (6), p.3057
• Main Authors: Marchese, Valentina, Di Carlo, Daniele, Fazio, Gaetano, Gioè, Santi Mauro, Luca, Angelo, Alduino, Rossella, Rizzo, Monica, Tuzzolino, Fabio, Monaco, Francesco, Conaldi, Pier Giulio, Douradinha, Bruno, Di Martino, Giuseppina
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteria; Bronchoscopes; Disease control; Disinfectants; Disinfection; E coli; Endoscopes; Endoscopy; Equipment Contamination; Equipment Reuse; Gram-positive bacteria; Health care facilities; Hospital facilities; Hospitals; Humans; Infections; International organizations; Italy - epidemiology; Medical equipment; Medical instruments; Microorganisms; Multidrug resistance; Pathogens; Patients; Reprocessing; Retrospective Studies; Statistical analysis; Surveillance; Transplantation
• ISSN: 1660-4601; 1661-7827; 1660-4601
• DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063057

Endoscopes are medical instruments that are used routinely in health structures. Due to their invasive nature and contact with many patients, they may cause hospital-acquired infections if not disinfected correctly. To ensure a high-level disinfection procedure or reprocessing, since the methods currently adopted in our institute are adequate, we evaluated retrospectively the presence of microorganisms in our endoscopes after reprocessing. Microbiological surveillance was performed from January 2016 to December 2019 in the instruments in use in our endoscopic room after reprocessing. In total, 35 endoscopes (3 duodenoscopes, 3 echoendoscopes, 12 bronchoscopes, 5 colonoscopes, and 12 gastroscopes) were evaluated for the presence of microorganisms, including multidrug-resistant pathogens and indicator microorganisms (IMOs). Our procedures were in agreement with an internal protocol based on Italian, international, and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommendations. Of a total of 811 samples, 799 (98.5%) complied with the regulatory guidelines, while 9 (1.1%) were positive for IMOs, and 3 (0.4%) displayed more than 10 colony-forming units (CFU) of environmental and commensal pathogens. Our results show that the internal reprocessing protocol is very efficient, leading to a very low number of observed contaminations, and it could be easily implemented by other health facilities that face a huge number of hospital-acquired infections due to incorrectly disinfected endoscopes.