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Polydopamine Nanoparticles as an Organic and Biodegradable Multitasking Tool for Neuroprotection and Remote Neuronal Stimulation

Oxidative stress represents a common issue in most neurological diseases, causing severe impairments of neuronal cell physiological activity that ultimately lead to neuron loss of function and cellular death. In this work, lipid-coated polydopamine nanoparticles (L-PDNPs) are proposed both as antiox...

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Published in:ACS applied materials & interfaces 2020-08, Vol.12 (32), p.35782-35798
Main Authors: Battaglini, Matteo, Marino, Attilio, Carmignani, Alessio, Tapeinos, Christos, Cauda, Valentina, Ancona, Andrea, Garino, Nadia, Vighetto, Veronica, La Rosa, Gabriele, Sinibaldi, Edoardo, Ciofani, Gianni
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Language:English
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Summary:Oxidative stress represents a common issue in most neurological diseases, causing severe impairments of neuronal cell physiological activity that ultimately lead to neuron loss of function and cellular death. In this work, lipid-coated polydopamine nanoparticles (L-PDNPs) are proposed both as antioxidant and neuroprotective agents, and as a photothermal conversion platform able to stimulate neuronal activity. L-PDNPs showed the ability to counteract reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in differentiated SH-SY5Y, prevented mitochondrial ROS-induced dysfunctions and stimulated neurite outgrowth. Moreover, for the first time in the literature, the photothermal conversion capacity of L-PDNPs was used to increase the intracellular temperature of neuron-like cells through near-infrared (NIR) laser stimulation, and this phenomenon was thoroughly investigated using a fluorescent temperature-sensitive dye and modeled from a mathematical point of view. It was also demonstrated that the increment in temperature caused by the NIR stimulation of L-PDNPs was able to produce a Ca2+ influx in differentiated SH-SY5Y, being, to the best of our knowledge, the first example of organic nanostructures used in such an approach. This work could pave the way to new and exciting applications of polydopamine-based and of other NIR-responsive antioxidant nanomaterials in neuronal research.
ISSN:1944-8244
1944-8252
DOI:10.1021/acsami.0c05497