Severe vitamin D deficiency is not related to SARS-CoV-2 infection but may increase mortality risk in hospitalized adults: a retrospective case–control study in an Arab Gulf country

Purpose As the world continues to cautiously navigate its way through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several breakthroughs in therapies and vaccines are currently being developed and scrutinized. Consequently, alternative therapies for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aging clinical and experimental research 2021-05, Vol.33 (5), p.1415-1422
Main Authors: Alguwaihes, Abdullah M., Sabico, Shaun, Hasanato, Rana, Al-Sofiani, Mohammed E., Megdad, Maram, Albader, Sakhar S., Alsari, Mohammad H., Alelayan, Ali, Alyusuf, Ebtihal Y., Alzahrani, Saad H., Al-Daghri, Nasser M., Jammah, Anwar A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Arabs
Case-Control Studies
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Female
Geriatrics/Gerontology
Hospitalization
Humans
Male
Males
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Mortality
Original
Original Article
Retrospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
Saudi Arabia
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Vitamin D
Vitamin D Deficiency
Vitamin deficiency
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Summary:Purpose As the world continues to cautiously navigate its way through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, several breakthroughs in therapies and vaccines are currently being developed and scrutinized. Consequently, alternative therapies for severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) prevention, such as vitamin D supplementation, while hypothetically promising, require substantial evidence from countries affected by COVID-19. The present retrospective case–control study aims to identify differences in vitamin D status and clinical characteristics of hospitalized patients screened for SARS-CoV-2, and determine associations of vitamin D levels with increased COVID-19 risk and mortality. Methods A total of 222 [SARS-CoV-2 (+) N  = 150 (97 males; 53 females); SARS-CoV-2 (−) N  = 72 (38 males, 34 females)] out of 550 hospitalized adult patients screened for SARS-CoV-2 and admitted at King Saud University Medical City-King Khalid University Hospital (KSUMC-KKUH) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia from May–July 2020 were included. Clinical, radiologic and serologic data, including 25(OH)D levels were analyzed. Results Vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D  60 years and pre-existing conditions ( p  
ISSN:1720-8319
1594-0667
1720-8319
DOI:10.1007/s40520-021-01831-0