The model crisis, or how to have critical promiscuity in the time of Covid-19

• Published in: Social studies of science 2021-04, Vol.51 (2), p.167-188
• Main Author: Anderson, Warwick
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome - history; AIDS; Biobehavioral Sciences; Biopolitics; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; Crises; Decision making; Directing; Disease; Disease transmission; Epidemics; Epidemiology; Frame analysis; Health care policy; Health education; Health policy; Health problems; Health promotion; History of Medicine; History of medicine and histology; History, 19th Century; History, 20th Century; Humans; Mathematical models; Models, Biological; Pandemics; Promiscuity; Public health; Simulation; Statistical models; Technology; Truth; Vocabulary
• ISSN: 0306-3127; 1460-3659
• DOI: 10.1177/0306312721996053

During the past forty years, statistical modelling and simulation have come to frame perceptions of epidemic disease and to determine public health interventions that might limit or suppress the transmission of the causative agent. The influence of such formulaic disease modelling has pervaded public health policy and practice during the Covid-19 pandemic. The critical vocabulary of epidemiology, and now popular debate, thus includes R0, the basic reproduction number of the virus, ‘flattening the curve’, and epidemic ‘waves’. How did this happen? What are the consequences of framing and foreseeing the pandemic in these modes? Focusing on historical and contemporary disease responses, primarily in Britain, I explore the emergence of statistical modelling as a ‘crisis technology’, a reductive mechanism for making rapid decisions or judgments under uncertain biological constraint. I consider how Covid-19 might be configured or assembled otherwise, constituted as a more heterogeneous object of knowledge, a different and more encompassing moment of truth – not simply as a measured telos directing us to a new normal. Drawing on earlier critical engagements with the AIDS pandemic, inquiries into how to have ‘theory’ and ‘promiscuity’ in a crisis, I seek to open up a space for greater ecological, sociological, and cultural complexity in the biopolitics of modelling, thereby attempting to validate a role for critique in the Covid-19 crisis.