Stromal–immune cell crosstalk fundamentally alters the lung microenvironment following tissue insult

Summary Communication between stromal and immune cells is essential to maintain tissue homeostasis, mount an effective immune response and promote tissue repair. This ‘crosstalk’ occurs in both the steady state and following a variety of insults, for example, in response to local injury, at sites of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Immunology 2021-07, Vol.163 (3), p.239-249
Main Authors: Worrell, Julie C., MacLeod, Megan K. L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology
Cell activation
Cell Communication
Cell interactions
Cellular communication
Cellular Microenvironment
Communication
Crosstalk
Cytokines
Epithelial cells
Epithelial Cells - immunology
Epithelium
Fibroblasts
Fibroblasts - immunology
Geography
Homeostasis
Humans
Immune response
Immune system
Immunity, Cellular
lung
Lung - pathology
Lungs
Microenvironments
Review
Stromal cells
Stromal Cells - immunology
stromal–immune cell interactions
Tissues
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Summary:Summary Communication between stromal and immune cells is essential to maintain tissue homeostasis, mount an effective immune response and promote tissue repair. This ‘crosstalk’ occurs in both the steady state and following a variety of insults, for example, in response to local injury, at sites of infection or cancer. What do we mean by crosstalk between cells? Reciprocal activation and/or regulation occurs between immune and stromal cells, by direct cell contact and indirect mechanisms, including the release of soluble cytokines. Moving beyond cell‐to‐cell contact, this review investigates the complexity of ‘cross‐space’ cellular communication. We highlight different examples of cellular communication by a variety of lung stromal and immune cells following tissue insults. This review examines how the ‘geography of the lung microenvironment’ is altered in various disease states; more specifically, we investigate how this influences lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts via their communication with immune cells and each other. Lung stromal cells are altered in various disease states, this influences their communication with immune cells and each other. Stromal cells can perform functions classically attributed to immune cells, providing immunomodulatory functions and educating local immune cells within the lung. Communication between immune and stromal cells provides mutual support for the persistence of both cell types.
ISSN:0019-2805
1365-2567
DOI:10.1111/imm.13319