Ambient Fine Particulate Matter Air Pollution and Risk of Weight Gain and Obesity in United States Veterans: An Observational Cohort Study

Experimental evidence and studies of children and adolescents suggest that ambient fine particulate matter [particulate matter in aerodynamic diameter ( )] air pollution may be obesogenic, but the relationship between and the risk of body weight gain and obesity in adults is uncertain. Our goal was...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental health perspectives 2021-04, Vol.129 (4), p.47003
Main Authors: Bowe, Benjamin, Gibson, Andrew K, Xie, Yan, Yan, Yan, Donkelaar, Aaron van, Martin, Randall V, Al-Aly, Ziyad
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adolescents
Adult
Air Pollutants - toxicity
Air pollution
Air Pollution - adverse effects
Body mass index
Body size
Body weight
Body weight gain
Child
Children
Cohort analysis
Cohort Studies
Environmental Exposure - adverse effects
Epidemiology
Exposure
Health care policy
Humans
Information sources
Male
Nonlinear response
Obesity
Obesity - epidemiology
Observational studies
Particulate matter
Particulate Matter - toxicity
Privacy
Risk
Self report
Sensitivity analysis
Statistical models
United States - epidemiology
Veterans
Weight Gain
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Summary:Experimental evidence and studies of children and adolescents suggest that ambient fine particulate matter [particulate matter in aerodynamic diameter ( )] air pollution may be obesogenic, but the relationship between and the risk of body weight gain and obesity in adults is uncertain. Our goal was to characterize the association between and the risks of weight gain and obesity. We followed 3,902,440 U.S. Veterans from 2010 to 2018 (median 8.1 y, interquartile range: 7.3-8.4) and assigned time-updated exposures by linking geocoded residential street addresses with satellite-based estimates of surface-level mass (at resolution). Associations with were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models for incident obesity [body mass index ( ] and a increase in weight relative to baseline and linear mixed models for associations with intra-individual changes in BMI and weight. A higher average annual concentration was associated with risk of incident obesity [ ; (95% CI: 1.06, 1.11)] and the risk of a ( ) increase in weight [ (95% CI: 1.06, 1.08)] and with higher intra-individual changes in BMI [ (95% CI: 0.139, 0.142)] and weight [ (95% CI: 0.955, 0.981)]. Nonlinear exposure-response models indicated associations at concentrations below the national standard of . As expected, a negative exposure control (ambient air sodium) was not associated with obesity or weight gain. Associations were consistent in direction and magnitude across sensitivity analyses that included alternative outcomes and exposures assigned at different spatial resolutions. air pollution was associated with the risk of obesity and weight gain in a large predominantly male cohort of U.S. Veterans. Discussions about health effects of should include its association with obesity, and deliberations about the epidemiology of obesity should consider its association with . Investigation in other cohorts will deepen our understanding of the relationship between and weight gain and obesity. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7944.
ISSN:0091-6765
1552-9924
DOI:10.1289/EHP7944