The evolving metabolic landscape of chromatin biology and epigenetics

Molecular inputs to chromatin via cellular metabolism are modifiers of the epigenome. These inputs — which include both nutrient availability as a result of diet and growth factor signalling — are implicated in linking the environment to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and cell identity. Rec...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nature reviews. Genetics 2020-12, Vol.21 (12), p.737-753
Main Authors: Dai, Ziwei, Ramesh, Vijyendra, Locasale, Jason W.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
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Agriculture
Alcohol Drinking
Animal Genetics and Genomics
Animals
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Cancer Research
Cell research
Cellular control mechanisms
Chromatin
Chromatin - metabolism
Chromatin - physiology
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Diet
DNA
Epigenesis, Genetic
Epigenetic inheritance
Epigenetics
Gene Function
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Histones
Histones - metabolism
Homeostasis
Human Genetics
Humans
Metabolic regulation
Metabolism
Metabolites
Microbiota
Neoplasms - genetics
Neoplasms - metabolism
Nutrient availability
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena
Review Article
RNA - metabolism
Structure
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Summary:Molecular inputs to chromatin via cellular metabolism are modifiers of the epigenome. These inputs — which include both nutrient availability as a result of diet and growth factor signalling — are implicated in linking the environment to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and cell identity. Recent studies have demonstrated that these inputs are much broader than had previously been known, encompassing metabolism from a wide variety of sources, including alcohol and microbiotal metabolism. These factors modify DNA and histones and exert specific effects on cell biology, systemic physiology and pathology. In this Review, we discuss the nature of these molecular networks, highlight their role in mediating cellular responses and explore their modifiability through dietary and pharmacological interventions. Various cellular metabolites provide the chemical moieties for DNA and histone modifications, resulting in a complex interplay between metabolism and epigenetics. In this Review, Dai, Ramesh and Locasale discuss the metabolic regulation of diverse types of chromatin modifications and the functional consequences of these modifications at the molecular, cellular and organismal levels, as well as influences from diet and microbiota.
ISSN:1471-0056
1471-0064
DOI:10.1038/s41576-020-0270-8