From hepatitis A to E: A critical review of viral hepatitis

Viral infections affecting the liver have had an important impact on humanity, as they have led to significant morbidity and mortality in patients with acute and chronic infections. Once an unknown etiology, the discovery of the viral agents triggered interest of the scientific community to establis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:World journal of gastroenterology : WJG 2021-04, Vol.27 (16), p.1691-1715
Main Authors: Castaneda, Daniel, Gonzalez, Adalberto Jose, Alomari, Mohammad, Tandon, Kanwarpreet, Zervos, Xaralambos Bobby
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis, Viral, Human - diagnosis
Hepatitis, Viral, Human - drug therapy
Hepatitis, Viral, Human - epidemiology
Humans
Liver Transplantation
Review
Vaccination
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Summary:Viral infections affecting the liver have had an important impact on humanity, as they have led to significant morbidity and mortality in patients with acute and chronic infections. Once an unknown etiology, the discovery of the viral agents triggered interest of the scientific community to establish the pathogenesis and diagnostic modalities to identify the affected population. With the rapid scientific and technological advances in the last centuries, controlling and even curing the infections became a possibility, with a large focus on preventive medicine through vaccination. Hence, a comprehensive understanding of hepatitis A, B, C, D and E is required by primary care physicians and gastroenterologists to provide care to these patients. The review article describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnostic tools and current medication regimens, with a focus on upcoming treatment options and the role of liver transplantation.
ISSN:1007-9327
2219-2840
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v27.i16.1691