In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of the Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia abyssinica Leaves

• Published in: BioMed research international 2021, Vol.2021, p.6652777-9
• Main Authors: Kifle, Zemene Demelash, Debeb, Simachew Gidey, Belayneh, Yaschilal Muche
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acetic acid; alpha-Amylases - antagonists & inhibitors; alpha-Amylases - metabolism; alpha-Glucosidases - metabolism; Amylases; Antioxidants; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Assaying; Chloroform; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Drug dosages; Enzymes; Ethyl acetate; Fractions; Free radicals; Gene expression; Glucosidase; Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors - pharmacology; Hagenia abyssinica; Herbal medicine; Hyperglycemia; In vitro methods and tests; Insulin resistance; Kinases; Leaves; Phytochemicals - chemistry; Phytochemicals - pharmacology; Plant extracts; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant Extracts - pharmacology; Plant Leaves - chemistry; Potassium; Regression analysis; Rosaceae - chemistry; Scavenging; Solvents; Solvents - chemistry; α-Amylase; α-Glucosidase
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2021/6652777

Background. The leaves of Hagenia abyssinica have been used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian folk medicine. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and solvent fractions of H. abyssinica leaves. Methods. The in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-nitro-phenyl-a-D glucopyranoside (p-NPG), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Each value of percent inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPPH scavenging effect was presented as means±SEM (n=3). Results. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions was found to be concentration-dependent. The strongest activity was exhibited by the crude extract at the highest concentration with a percentage inhibition of 74.52% (IC50, 14.52 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 68.24% (IC50, 16.31 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 61.57% (IC50, 18.73 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 56.87% (IC50, 21.57 μg/ml) of H. abyssinica leaves. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the maximum activity was exhibited by the aqueous fraction 62.54% (IC50, 11.67 μg/ml) followed by ethyl acetate fraction 54.97% (IC50, 15.89 μg/ml), crude extract 46.79% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 36.44% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml). In the antioxidant assay, the crude extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity 86.36% (IC50, 10.25 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 78.59% (IC50, 13.86 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 71.58% (IC50, 16.34 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 63.65% (IC50, 18.83 μg/ml). Conclusion. This study has revealed that H. abyssinica leaves possess noticeable in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.