LVAD as a bridge to decision complicated with pump thrombosis and infection

• Published in: Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2021-05, Vol.37 (3), p.341-344
• Main Authors: Iglesias-Álvarez, Diego, Pathania, Vikrant
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cardiac Surgery; Case Report; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Surgery; Thoracic Surgery; Vascular Surgery
• ISSN: 0970-9134; 0973-7723
• DOI: 10.1007/s12055-020-01082-0

Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) emerged as an effective therapy for the treatment of symptomatic advanced heart failure in spite of maximum tolerated optimal medical treatment. LVADs were initially conceived as a bridge to transplantation, although with the continuing donor shortage, they also serve as a definitive therapy for some patients. Careful evaluation by a multidisciplinary team and proper patient selection are key factors for good outcomes. These patients are very high-risk surgical candidates, and their survival at 1 year after implantation is estimated to be around 81%. We report a unique case of a patient who underwent LVAD implantation as a bridge to candidacy and suffered several complications related to the device. We also present our experience dealing with these complications in a field of limited evidence. This gentleman developed pump thrombosis second- ary to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, requiring an LVAD exchange during index admission. A year after being discharged from the first episode, he developed mediastinitis, needing removal of the pump, intravenous antibiotics, and veno-arterial extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) for hemodynamic support. A new LVAD insertion was required, and the gentleman could be eventually discharged after a prolonged admission.