Phenanthrene alters the electrical activity of atrial and ventricular myocytes of a polar fish, the Navaga cod

Oil and gas exploration in the Arctic can result in the release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into relatively pristine environments. Following the recent spill of approximately 17 500 tonnes of diesel fuel in Norilsk, Russia, May 2020, our study focussed on the effects of phenanthrene,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Aquatic toxicology 2021-06, Vol.235, p.105823, Article 105823
Main Authors: Abramochkin, Denis V, Kompella, Shiva N, Shiels, Holly A
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Action Potentials - drug effects
Animals
Arctic
Arctic Regions
Cardiotoxicity
Eleginus nawaga
Fishes
Gadiformes - physiology
Heart
Myocytes, Cardiac - drug effects
Myocytes, Cardiac - physiology
Petroleum
Petroleum pollution
Phenanthrenes - toxicity
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons - toxicity
Sodium - pharmacology
Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity
White sea
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Summary:Oil and gas exploration in the Arctic can result in the release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) into relatively pristine environments. Following the recent spill of approximately 17 500 tonnes of diesel fuel in Norilsk, Russia, May 2020, our study focussed on the effects of phenanthrene, a low molecular weight PAH found in diesel and crude oil, on the isolated atrial and ventricular myocytes from the heart of the polar teleost, the Navaga cod (Eleginus nawaga). Acute exposure to phenanthrene in navaga cardiomyocytes caused significant action potential (AP) prolongation, confirming the proarrhythmic effects of this pollutant. We show AP prolongation was due to potent inhibition of the main repolarising current, IKr, with an IC50 value of ~2 µM. We also show a potent inhibitory effect (~55%) of 1 µM phenanthrene on the transient IKr currents that protects the heart from early-after-depolarizations and arrhythmias. These data, along with more minor effects on inward sodium (INa) (~17% inhibition at 10 µM) and calcium (ICa) (~17% inhibition at 30 µM) currents, and no effects on inward rectifier (IK1 and IKAch) currents, demonstrate the cardiotoxic effects exerted by phenanthrene on the atrium and ventricle of navaga cod. Moreover, we report the first data that we are aware of on the impact of phenanthrene on atrial myocyte function in any fish species.
ISSN:0166-445X
1879-1514
DOI:10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105823