Socioeconomic Conditioning of the Development of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Its Global Spatial Differentiation

The COVID pandemic very quickly became the world's most serious social and economic problem. This paper's focus is on the spatial aspect of its spread, with the aims being to point to spatial conditioning underpinning development of the pandemic, and to identify and assess possible socio-e...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-04, Vol.18 (9), p.4802
Main Authors: Bański, Jerzy, Mazur, Marcin, Kamińska, Wioletta
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Conditioning
Coronaviruses
COVID-19
Economics
Fatalities
GDP
Geography
Gross Domestic Product
Humans
Impact analysis
Latin America
Medical research
Morbidity
Mortality
Pandemics
Pathogens
SARS-CoV-2
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Socioeconomic Factors
Socioeconomics
Standard deviation
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Summary:The COVID pandemic very quickly became the world's most serious social and economic problem. This paper's focus is on the spatial aspect of its spread, with the aims being to point to spatial conditioning underpinning development of the pandemic, and to identify and assess possible socio-economic features exerting an impact on that. Particular attention has been paid to the percentage of positive tests for the presence of the coronavirus, as well as mortality due to the disease it causes. The statistics used relate to 102 countries, with the research for each extending from the time first cases of COVID-19 were reported through to 18 November 2020. The focus of investigation has been the stochastic co-occurrence of both a morbidity index and a mortality index, with intentionally selected socio-economic variables. Results have then been summarized through the classification of countries in relation to the two indices. Highest values relate to Latin America. A significant co-occurrence of morbidity and mortality with GDP per capita has been identified, as values for the indices are found to be lower in wealthier countries. The basic conclusion is that the dependency of the pandemic on environmental and socio-economic conditioning became more complex and ambiguous, while also being displaced gradually as concrete political decisions came to be taken.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18094802