Drosophila MOV10 regulates the termination of midgut regeneration

• Published in: Genetics (Austin) 2021-05, Vol.218 (1)
• Main Authors: Takemura, Masahiko, Bowden, Nanako, Lu, Yi-Si, Nakato, Eriko, O’Connor, Michael B, Nakato, Hiroshi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Cell Differentiation - genetics; Cell proliferation; Cell Proliferation - genetics; Cell Self Renewal - genetics; Drosophila; Drosophila - genetics; Drosophila - metabolism; Drosophila - physiology; Drosophila Proteins - genetics; Drosophila Proteins - metabolism; Drosophila Proteins - physiology; Enterocytes - cytology; Extracellular matrix; Fruit flies; Gene regulation; Gene silencing; Genetics; Inactivation; Insects; Intestinal Mucosa - cytology; Intestines - cytology; Investigation; MicroRNAs; MicroRNAs - genetics; MicroRNAs - metabolism; Midgut; miRNA; Molecular modelling; Regeneration; Regeneration - physiology; Ribonucleic acid; RNA; RNA Helicases; RNA-Induced Silencing Complex - genetics; RNA-Induced Silencing Complex - metabolism; RNA-mediated interference; Signal Transduction; Stem cells; Stem Cells - cytology; Stem Cells - metabolism
• ISSN: 1943-2631; 0016-6731; 1943-2631
• DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyab031

Abstract The molecular mechanisms by which stem cell proliferation is precisely controlled during the course of regeneration are poorly understood. Namely, how a damaged tissue senses when to terminate the regeneration process, inactivates stem cell mitotic activity, and organizes ECM integrity remain fundamental unanswered questions. The Drosophila midgut intestinal stem cell (ISC) offers an excellent model system to study the molecular basis for stem cell inactivation. Here, we show that a novel gene, CG6967 or dMOV10, is induced at the termination stage of midgut regeneration, and shows an inhibitory effect on ISC proliferation. dMOV10 encodes a putative component of the microRNA (miRNA) gene silencing complex (miRISC). Our data, along with previous studies on the mammalian MOV10, suggest that dMOV10 is not a core member of miRISC, but modulates miRISC activity as an additional component. Further analyses identified direct target mRNAs of dMOV10-containing miRISC, including Daughter against Dpp (Dad), a known inhibitor of BMP/TGF-β signaling. We show that RNAi knockdown of Dad significantly impaired ISC division during regeneration. We also identified six miRNAs that are induced at the termination stage and their potential target transcripts. One of these miRNAs, mir-1, is required for proper termination of ISC division at the end of regeneration. We propose that miRNA-mediated gene regulation contributes to the precise control of Drosophila midgut regeneration.