Twenty-Five-Year Changes in Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure: Results From the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

Abstract BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) measured in the office setting increases from early through later adulthood. However, it is unknown to what extent out-of-office BP derived via ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) increases over time, and which participant characteristics and risk factors might co...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:American journal of hypertension 2021-05, Vol.34 (5), p.494-503
Main Authors: Bundy, Joshua D, Jaeger, Byron C, Huffman, Mark D, Knox, Sarah S, Thomas, S Justin, Shimbo, Daichi, Booth, John N, Lewis, Cora E, Edwards, Lloyd J, Schwartz, Joseph E, Muntner, Paul
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Black People - statistics & numerical data
Blood Pressure - physiology
Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
Coronary Artery Disease - epidemiology
Coronary Artery Disease - ethnology
Female
Heart Disease Risk Factors
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Male
Middle Aged
Office Visits
Original Contributions
White People - statistics & numerical data
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract BACKGROUND Blood pressure (BP) measured in the office setting increases from early through later adulthood. However, it is unknown to what extent out-of-office BP derived via ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) increases over time, and which participant characteristics and risk factors might contribute to these increases. METHODS We assessed 25-year change in office- and ABPM-derived BP across sex, race, diabetes mellitus (DM), and body mass index (BMI) subgroups in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study using multivariable-adjusted linear mixed effects models. RESULTS We included 288 participants who underwent ABPM at the Year 5 Exam (mean [SD] age, 25.1 [3.7]; 45.8% men) and 455 participants who underwent ABPM at the Year 30 Exam (mean [SD] age, 49.5 [3.7]; 42.0% men). Office, daytime, and nighttime systolic BP (SBP) increased 12.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.6–17.9), 14.7 (95% CI, 9.7–19.8), and 16.6 (95% CI, 11.4–21.8) mm Hg, respectively, over 25 years. Office SBP increased 6.5 (95% CI, 2.3–10.6) mm Hg more among black compared with white participants. Daytime SBP increased 6.3 (95% CI, 0.2–12.4) mm Hg more among participants with a BMI ≥25 vs.
ISSN:0895-7061
1941-7225
DOI:10.1093/ajh/hpaa189