LINCking the Nuclear Envelope to Sperm Architecture

Nuclear architecture undergoes an extensive remodeling during spermatogenesis, especially at levels of spermatocytes (SPC) and spermatids (SPT). Interestingly, typical events of spermiogenesis, such as nuclear elongation, acrosome biogenesis, and flagellum formation, need a functional cooperation be...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Genes 2021-04, Vol.12 (5), p.658-16
Main Authors: Manfrevola, Francesco, Guillou, Florian, Fasano, Silvia, Pierantoni, Riccardo, Chianese, Rosanna
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chromosomes
Cooperativity
Cytoskeleton
Flagella
Gene expression
Infertility
Life Sciences
Localization
Mammals
Mechanotransduction
Morphology
Proteins
Review
Sperm
Spermatids
Spermatocytes
Spermatogenesis
Spermiogenesis
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Summary:Nuclear architecture undergoes an extensive remodeling during spermatogenesis, especially at levels of spermatocytes (SPC) and spermatids (SPT). Interestingly, typical events of spermiogenesis, such as nuclear elongation, acrosome biogenesis, and flagellum formation, need a functional cooperation between proteins of the nuclear envelope and acroplaxome/manchette structures. In addition, nuclear envelope plays a key role in chromosome distribution. In this scenario, special attention has been focused on the LINC (linker of nucleoskeleton and cytoskeleton) complex, a nuclear envelope-bridge structure involved in the connection of the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton, governing mechanotransduction. It includes two integral proteins: KASH- and SUN-domain proteins, on the outer (ONM) and inner (INM) nuclear membrane, respectively. The LINC complex is involved in several functions fundamental to the correct development of sperm cells such as head formation and head to tail connection, and, therefore, it seems to be important in determining male fertility. This review provides a global overview of the main LINC complex components, with a special attention to their subcellular localization in sperm cells, their roles in the regulation of sperm morphological maturation, and, lastly, LINC complex alterations associated to male infertility.
ISSN:2073-4425
2073-4425
DOI:10.3390/genes12050658