Diarrhea Predominant-Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS-D): Effects of Different Nutritional Patterns on Intestinal Dysbiosis and Symptoms

Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrients 2021-04, Vol.13 (5), p.1506
Main Authors: Altomare, Annamaria, Di Rosa, Claudia, Imperia, Elena, Emerenziani, Sara, Cicala, Michele, Guarino, Michele Pier Luca
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Abdomen
Analysis
Bacteria
Colon
Composition
Defecation
Diarrhea
Diet
Diet therapy
Dysbacteriosis
Energy harvesting
Feces
Genomes
Gluten
Intestinal microflora
Intestine
Irritable bowel syndrome
Large intestine
Microbiota
Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)
Nutrient deficiency
Nutrients
Pain
Pathogens
Review
Small intestine
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Summary:Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a chronic functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by abdominal pain associated with defecation or a change in bowel habits. Gut microbiota, which acts as a real organ with well-defined functions, is in a mutualistic relationship with the host, harvesting additional energy and nutrients from the diet and protecting the host from pathogens; specific alterations in its composition seem to play a crucial role in IBS pathophysiology. It is well known that diet can significantly modulate the intestinal microbiota profile but it is less known how different nutritional approach effective in IBS patients, such as the low-FODMAP diet, could be responsible of intestinal microbiota changes, thus influencing the presence of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. The aim of this review was to explore the effects of different nutritional protocols (e.g., traditional nutritional advice, low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, etc.) on IBS-D symptoms and on intestinal microbiota variations in both IBS-D patients and healthy subjects. To date, an ideal nutritional protocol does not exist for IBS-D patients but it seems crucial to consider the effect of the different nutritional approaches on the intestinal microbiota composition to better define an efficient strategy to manage this functional disorder.
ISSN:2072-6643
2072-6643
DOI:10.3390/nu13051506