Analysis of the Gut Microbiota: An Emerging Source of Biomarkers for Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Background: The human gut harbors around 1013–1014 microorganisms, collectively referred to as gut microbiota. Recent studies have found that the gut microbiota may have an impact on the interaction between immune regulation and anti-cancer immunotherapies. Methods: In order to characterize the dive...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancers 2021-05, Vol.13 (11), p.2514
Main Authors: Zhang, Feiyu, Ferrero, Macarena, Dong, Ning, D’Auria, Giuseppe, Reyes-Prieto, Mariana, Herreros-Pomares, Alejandro, Calabuig-Fariñas, Silvia, Duréndez, Elena, Aparisi, Francisco, Blasco, Ana, García, Clara, Camps, Carlos, Jantus-Lewintre, Eloisa, Sirera, Rafael
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Biomarkers
Cancer immunotherapy
Clinical outcomes
Consortia
Dendritic cells
Disease
DNA sequencing
Immune checkpoint
Immunoregulation
Immunotherapy
Intestinal microflora
Lung cancer
Microbiota
Microorganisms
Multivariate analysis
Mutation
Non-small cell lung carcinoma
Patients
PD-1 protein
PD-L1 protein
Ribosomal DNA
Small cell lung carcinoma
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:Background: The human gut harbors around 1013–1014 microorganisms, collectively referred to as gut microbiota. Recent studies have found that the gut microbiota may have an impact on the interaction between immune regulation and anti-cancer immunotherapies. Methods: In order to characterize the diversity and composition of commensal microbiota and its relationship with response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing was performed on 69 stool samples from advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients prior to treatment with ICB. Results: The use of antibiotics and ICB-related skin toxicity were significantly associated with reduced gut microbiota diversity. However, antibiotics (ATB) usage was not related to low ICB efficacy. Phascolarctobacterium was enriched in patients with clinical benefit and correlated with prolonged progression-free survival, whereas Dialister was more represented in patients with progressive disease, and its higher relative abundance was associated with reduced progression-free survival and overall survival, with independent prognostic value in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: Our results corroborate the relation between the baseline gut microbiota composition and ICB clinical outcomes in advanced NSCLC patients, and provide novel potential predictive and prognostic biomarkers for immunotherapy in NSCLC.
ISSN:2072-6694
2072-6694
DOI:10.3390/cancers13112514