Management of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma

Cholangiocarcinoma is a tumor that arises as a result of differentiation of the cholangiocytes and can develop from anywhere in the biliary tree. Subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma are differentiated based on their location in the biliary tree. If diagnosed early these can be resected, but most cases of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical medicine 2021-05, Vol.10 (11), p.2368
Main Authors: Kodali, Sudha, Shetty, Akshay, Shekhar, Soumya, Victor, David W., Ghobrial, Rafik M.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Asymptomatic
Biopsy
Cancer therapies
Cell cycle
Chemotherapy
Cholangiocarcinoma
Clinical medicine
Epidemiology
Growth factors
Liver cancer
Liver diseases
Liver transplants
Medical prognosis
Mutation
Radiation
Review
Risk factors
Surgical outcomes
Surveillance
Tumors
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Summary:Cholangiocarcinoma is a tumor that arises as a result of differentiation of the cholangiocytes and can develop from anywhere in the biliary tree. Subtypes of cholangiocarcinoma are differentiated based on their location in the biliary tree. If diagnosed early these can be resected, but most cases of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma present late in the disease course where surgical resection is not an option. In these patients who are poor candidates for resection, a combination of chemotherapy, locoregional therapies like ablation, transarterial chemo and radioembolization, and in very advanced and metastatic disease, external radiation are the available options. These modalities can improve overall disease-free and progression-free survival chances. In this review, we will discuss the risk factors and clinical presentation of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, diagnosis, available therapeutic options, and future directions for management options.
ISSN:2077-0383
2077-0383
DOI:10.3390/jcm10112368