Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage secondary to haemophilus influenzae in a vaping patient

Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is known to occur from several infectious and non-infectious aetiologies. Among the infectious aetiologies, Haemophilus influenzae, an organism known to cause community-acquired pneumonia, has not been reported in association with DAH prior to this case. On the oth...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:BMJ case reports 2021-06, Vol.14 (6), p.e242701
Main Authors: Kubbara, Aahd, Hawari, Feras, Johnkoski, John
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Anticoagulants
Bronchoscopy
Case Report
Case reports
Etiology
Haemophilus influenzae
Hemoglobin
Hemorrhage - etiology
Humans
Immunocompetence
Intubation
Lavage
Lung cancer
Lung Diseases
Male
Patients
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Alveoli
Surgical outcomes
Tropical diseases
Vaping
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Summary:Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage (DAH) is known to occur from several infectious and non-infectious aetiologies. Among the infectious aetiologies, Haemophilus influenzae, an organism known to cause community-acquired pneumonia, has not been reported in association with DAH prior to this case. On the other hand, vaping, an evolving epidemic concern, has been linked to various types of lung injury, including DAH. However, DAH related to vaping is only limited to several case reports. Our case describes H. influenzae pneumonia with DAH in a patient known to have vaped until the night prior to elective lobectomy for lung cancer and developed DAH within 24 hours of hospitalisation. He subsequently recovered with treatment. DAH requires immediate recognition, and healthcare providers need to be aware that neither haemoptysis nor decrease in haemoglobin level is necessarily associated. Prior to diagnosis, empirical treatment with intravenous steroids and antibiotics can be life-saving.
ISSN:1757-790X
1757-790X
DOI:10.1136/bcr-2021-242701