Prevalence and impact of comorbidities on disease prognosis among patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh: A nationwide study amid the second wave

• Published in: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome clinical research & reviews 2021-07, Vol.15 (4), p.102148-102148, Article 102148
• Main Authors: Sharif, Nadim, Opu, Rubayet Rayhan, Ahmed, Shamsun Nahar, Sarkar, Mithun Kumar, Jaheen, Raisah, Daullah, Muktasid Ud, Khan, Shahriar, Mubin, Mir, Rahman, Habibur, Islam, Faiza, Haque, Nusaira, Islam, Suchana, Khan, Fariha Bushra, Haque, Nabila, Ayman, Umme, Shohael, Abdullah Mohammad, Dey, Shuvra Kanti, Talukder, Ali Azam
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Age; Comorbidities; COVID-19; Fatality; Hospitalization; Original; Symptoms
• ISSN: 1871-4021; 1878-0334
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.05.021

Socio-demographics and comorbidities are involved in determining the severity and fatality in patients with COVID-19 suggested by studies in various countries, but study in Bangladesh is insufficient. We designed the study to evaluate the association of sociodemographic and comorbidities with the prognosis of adverse health outcomes in patients with COVID-19 in Bangladesh. A multivariate retrospective cohort study was conducted on data from 966 RT-PCR positive patients from eight divisions during December 13, 2020, to February 13, 2021. Variables included sociodemographic, comorbidities, symptoms, Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and access to health facilities. Major outcome was fatality. Secondary outcomes included hospitalization, duration of hospital stay, requirement of mechanical ventilation and severity. Male (65.8%, 636 of 966) was predominant and mean age was 39.8 ± 12.6 years. Fever (79%), dry cough (55%), and loss of test/smell (51%) were frequent and 74% patients had >3 symptoms. Fatality was recorded in 10.5% patients. Comorbidities were found in 44% patients. Hypertension (21.5%) diabetes (14.6%), and cardiovascular diseases (11.3%) were most prevalent. Age >60 years (OR: 4.83, 95% CI: 2.45–6.49), and CCI >3 (OR: 5.48, 95% CI: 3.95–7.24) were predictors of hospitalizations. CCI >4 (aOR: 3.41, 95% CI: 2.57–6.09) was predictor of severity. Age >60 years (aOR: 3.77, 95% CI: 1.07–6.34), >3 symptoms (aOR: 2.14, 95% CI: 0.97–4.91) and CCI >3 vs. CCI 3 symptoms, increasing comorbidities, higher CCI were associated with increased hospitalization, severity and fatality in patients with COVID-19. •Among 966 samples, fatality was detected in 101 patients with COVID-19.•Hypertension (21.5%) and diabetes (14.6%) were most frequent.•Among 966 patients, fever (79%) was the most prevalent symptom.•Male patients aged >50 years with CCI>3 had greater risk.