Is diabetes mellitus a wrongdoer to COVID-19 severity?

•Overexpression of ACE2/TMPRSS2 in diabetes mellitus (DM) may lead risk of COVID-19.•Exacerbation of COVID-19 pathophysiology is caused due to predisposition of DM.•DM and COVID-19 are involved to hyperactive the cytokine storm.•DM facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection and aggravation of COVID-19 pathoph...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diabetes research and clinical practice 2021-08, Vol.178, p.108936-108936, Article 108936
Main Authors: Sarkar, Sanjib, Das, Dibyendu, Borsingh Wann, Sawlang, Kalita, Jatin, Manna, Prasenjit
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)
Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists - therapeutic use
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors - therapeutic use
COVID-19
COVID-19 - complications
Cytokine Release Syndrome
Cytokine storm
Diabetes Complications
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus - pathology
Humans
Renin-Angiotensin System
Review
Risk Factors
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Summary:•Overexpression of ACE2/TMPRSS2 in diabetes mellitus (DM) may lead risk of COVID-19.•Exacerbation of COVID-19 pathophysiology is caused due to predisposition of DM.•DM and COVID-19 are involved to hyperactive the cytokine storm.•DM facilitates SARS-CoV-2 infection and aggravation of COVID-19 pathophysiology. The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has turned out to be a pandemic in short period of time due to the high transmissibility of its causative agent, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Various reports have suggested the promising link between overexpression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and COVID-19 pathogenesis. The severity of COVID-19 pathophysiology is greatly depended on several comorbidities, like hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), respiratory and cardiovascular disease, out of which DM has emerged as a major risk factor. The current review focuses on the link among the expression of ACE2, use of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs), and risk of COVID-19 pathogenesis in DM. The review also emphasizes on synergistic detrimental effect of DM and COVID-19 on the immune system in provoking uncontrolled cytokine storm which eventually leads to lethal consequences. Finally, several possible therapeutic strategies have been highlighted to reduce the excess of risk associated with COVID-19 in people with DM.
ISSN:0168-8227
1872-8227
DOI:10.1016/j.diabres.2021.108936