Phase 1 Renal Impairment Trial Results Supports Targeted Individualized Dosing of ELX‐02 in Patients With Nephropathic Cystinosis

• Published in: Journal of clinical pharmacology 2021-07, Vol.61 (7), p.923-931
• Main Authors: Haverty, Thomas, Wyatt, David J., Porter, Kaela M., Leubitz, Andi, Banks, Kate, Goodyer, Paul, Hu, Ming‐Yi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Aged; Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral - genetics; Area Under Curve; Cystinosis; Cystinosis - drug therapy; Cystinosis - genetics; Dosage; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; eGFR; ELX‐02; Epidermal growth factor receptors; Female; Furans - administration & dosage; Furans - pharmacokinetics; Furans - therapeutic use; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Half-Life; Humans; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Middle Aged; nonsense mutations; Patient Acuity; Pharmacokinetics; Plasma; Renal function; renal impairment; Special Populations
• ISSN: 0091-2700; 1552-4604
• DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1807

The aim of this study was to assess the pharmacokinetics (PK) and safety of ELX‐02 in a renally impaired population and apply these findings to the individualized dosing of patients with nephropathic cystinosis. This phase 1 renal impairment (RI; mild, moderate, or severe), single‐dose, PK, and safety evaluation included 6 participants assigned to each RI group. Six healthy controls with normal renal function were matched to participants with renal impairment. All received a single subcutaneous dose of 1‐mg/kg ELX‐02 on day 1 and were monitored for 72 hours after dosing with serial blood and urine samples. An estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)‐PK model of ELX‐02 was developed from the RI study data and used to implement individualized dosing in a phase 2a study in patients with nephropathic cystinosis to achieve a weekly targeted exposure (area under the plasma concentration–time curve [AUC]). In participants with RI, ELX‐02 clearance decreased, and exposure increased with severity of RI. ELX‐02 plasma exposure was similar to healthy controls in participants with mild RI, but increasing severity of RI resulted in significantly decreased clearance, increased maximum plasma concentration, AUC from time zero to infinity, and half‐life compared to controls. ELX‐02 urinary clearance showed a similar pattern. Relationships between eGFR and exposure were defined supporting individualized dose determination for prediction of dose and AUC in patients with nephropathic cystinosis, achieving overall mean 110.7% of AUC targets. ELX‐02 was well tolerated by RI and nephropathic cystinosis populations. ELX‐02 exhibits a consistent PK profile across increasing degrees of RI with reduced clearance, increased exposure, and prolonged renal elimination proportional to reductions in eGFR. The defined relationship between eGFR and plasma exposure enabled individualized dose adjustment in patients with nephropathic cystinosis.