The hypoglycemic effect of freeze‐dried fermented mulberry mixed with soybean on type 2 diabetes mellitus

• Published in: Food science & nutrition 2021-07, Vol.9 (7), p.3641-3654
• Main Authors: Long, Xiao‐Shan, Liao, Sen‐Tai, Li, Er‐Na, Pang, Dao‐Rui, Li, Qian, Liu, Shu‐Cheng, Hu, Teng‐Gen, Zou, Yu‐Xiao
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alanine; Alanine transaminase; Aspartate transaminase; Carbohydrates; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent); Fatty acids; Fermentation; fermented mulberry; Flavonoids; Free radicals; Fruits; Glucose; Glucose tolerance; Glutathione; gut microbiota; Histopathology; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemia; hypoglycemic effect; Insulin resistance; Intestinal microflora; Lipids; Malondialdehyde; Metabolic disorders; Microbiota; Microorganisms; Nutrients; Original Research; Oxidative stress; Pancreas; Polyphenols; Prevention; Probiotics; Proteins; soybean; Soybeans; Streptozocin; Superoxide dismutase; Transaminase; type 2 diabetes mellitus
• ISSN: 2048-7177; 2048-7177
• DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2321

Mulberry has significant hypoglycemic effect and can be used as an auxiliary food for people with type 2 diabetes. However, it is rich in carbohydrate and cannot be consumed directly by diabetic patients. In the study, we fermented the mulberry to reduce the content of glucose and fructose, and added the soybean to reduce the loss of probiotics during fermentation and then determined its hypoglycemic effect. We induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) mice by streptozotocin and measured its blood glucose, serum biochemistry, hepatic and pancreatic histopathology, and the diversity of the gut microbiota. After 5 weeks of oral DFMS administration, the glucose tolerance was improved significantly in T2DM mice. Furthermore, there were also significant increases in superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione concentration, and marked reductions in the concentrations of malondialdehyde and free fatty acids. Moreover, DFMS also prevented histopathological changes and the increases in the activities of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. DFMS treatment also markedly increased the richness of the gut microbial community. The abundance of Bacteroidetes was increased, and those of Proteobacteria, Escherichia‐Shigella, and Lactobacillus were reduced. In summary, DFMS has a clear hypoglycemic effect in mice with T2DM. In this passage, we produced a freeze‐dried preparation of fermented mulberry mixed with soybean (DFMS) to verify the protection of probiotic of soybean and determined its effect on hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Our findings indicated that DFMS had an obvious hypoglycemic effect on T2DM mice, which is possibly related to its low carbohydrate content and the high levels of 1‐deoxyricogen and probiotic.