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Fracture Behavior of Short Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations in Large MOD Cavities
The aim of this research was to study the impact of using a short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) core on the fatigue performance and fracture behavior of direct large posterior composite restorations. Moreover, the influence of the consistency (flowable or packable) of occlusal composite coverage...
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Published in: | Polymers 2021-06, Vol.13 (13), p.2040 |
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description | The aim of this research was to study the impact of using a short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) core on the fatigue performance and fracture behavior of direct large posterior composite restorations. Moreover, the influence of the consistency (flowable or packable) of occlusal composite coverage was assessed. A total of 100 intact molars were collected and randomly distributed into five groups (n = 20). Deep mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities were prepared in all groups. After adhesive treatment and rebuilding the missing interproximal walls with conventional composite, the specimens in four experimental groups were restored by an SFRC core (everX Flow), which was applied and cured either in bulk or in oblique layers (each 2 mm thick). Packable (G-aenial Posterior) or flowable (G-aenial Injectable) conventional composites were used as a final occlusal layer. The control group was restored with only packable conventional composite. Fatigue survival was measured for all specimens using a cyclic loading machine until a fracture occurred or a total of 25,000 cycles was achieved. Kaplan–Meyer survival analyses were conducted, followed by pairwise log-rank post hoc comparisons. The static load-bearing capacity of surviving teeth was tested using a universal testing machine. Fracture patterns were evaluated visually. There was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference in terms of survival between the tested groups. All groups for which flowable SFRC was used showed statistically significantly higher load-bearing capacities compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences regarding fracture resistance among the fiber-reinforced study groups. Regarding the fracture pattern during the survival analysis, all specimens that received SFRC showed a dominantly restorable type of fracture, while the control specimens presented a dominantly non-restorable type. The use of flowable SFRC as a reinforcing core for large MOD direct restorations showed promising achievements regarding fracture behavior. |
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Moreover, the influence of the consistency (flowable or packable) of occlusal composite coverage was assessed. A total of 100 intact molars were collected and randomly distributed into five groups (n = 20). Deep mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities were prepared in all groups. After adhesive treatment and rebuilding the missing interproximal walls with conventional composite, the specimens in four experimental groups were restored by an SFRC core (everX Flow), which was applied and cured either in bulk or in oblique layers (each 2 mm thick). Packable (G-aenial Posterior) or flowable (G-aenial Injectable) conventional composites were used as a final occlusal layer. The control group was restored with only packable conventional composite. Fatigue survival was measured for all specimens using a cyclic loading machine until a fracture occurred or a total of 25,000 cycles was achieved. Kaplan–Meyer survival analyses were conducted, followed by pairwise log-rank post hoc comparisons. The static load-bearing capacity of surviving teeth was tested using a universal testing machine. Fracture patterns were evaluated visually. There was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference in terms of survival between the tested groups. All groups for which flowable SFRC was used showed statistically significantly higher load-bearing capacities compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences regarding fracture resistance among the fiber-reinforced study groups. Regarding the fracture pattern during the survival analysis, all specimens that received SFRC showed a dominantly restorable type of fracture, while the control specimens presented a dominantly non-restorable type. The use of flowable SFRC as a reinforcing core for large MOD direct restorations showed promising achievements regarding fracture behavior.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2073-4360</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3390/polym13132040</identifier><identifier>PMID: 34201423</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Basel: MDPI AG</publisher><subject>Adhesives ; Bearing capacity ; Composite materials ; Crack propagation ; Cyclic loads ; Fatigue failure ; Fiber composites ; Fracture toughness ; Light ; Pattern analysis ; Short fibers ; Static loads ; Survival ; Teeth ; Viscosity</subject><ispartof>Polymers, 2021-06, Vol.13 (13), p.2040</ispartof><rights>2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2021 by the authors. 2021</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-44f109801b1b72aa65ee960e899d111d773f1d60c9bd9101cf7f3230020b164b3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-44f109801b1b72aa65ee960e899d111d773f1d60c9bd9101cf7f3230020b164b3</cites><orcidid>0000-0001-5950-3858 ; 0000-0002-3495-7105 ; 0000-0002-0365-1613 ; 0000-0001-9457-2314</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2549535035/fulltextPDF?pq-origsite=primo$$EPDF$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.proquest.com/docview/2549535035?pq-origsite=primo$$EHTML$$P50$$Gproquest$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,885,25753,27924,27925,37012,37013,44590,53791,53793,75126</link.rule.ids></links><search><creatorcontrib>Fráter, Márk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sáry, Tekla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vincze-Bandi, Eszter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volom, András</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braunitzer, Gábor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szabó P., Balázs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garoushi, Sufyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forster, András</creatorcontrib><title>Fracture Behavior of Short Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations in Large MOD Cavities</title><title>Polymers</title><description>The aim of this research was to study the impact of using a short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) core on the fatigue performance and fracture behavior of direct large posterior composite restorations. Moreover, the influence of the consistency (flowable or packable) of occlusal composite coverage was assessed. A total of 100 intact molars were collected and randomly distributed into five groups (n = 20). Deep mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities were prepared in all groups. After adhesive treatment and rebuilding the missing interproximal walls with conventional composite, the specimens in four experimental groups were restored by an SFRC core (everX Flow), which was applied and cured either in bulk or in oblique layers (each 2 mm thick). Packable (G-aenial Posterior) or flowable (G-aenial Injectable) conventional composites were used as a final occlusal layer. The control group was restored with only packable conventional composite. Fatigue survival was measured for all specimens using a cyclic loading machine until a fracture occurred or a total of 25,000 cycles was achieved. Kaplan–Meyer survival analyses were conducted, followed by pairwise log-rank post hoc comparisons. 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The use of flowable SFRC as a reinforcing core for large MOD direct restorations showed promising achievements regarding fracture behavior.</description><subject>Adhesives</subject><subject>Bearing capacity</subject><subject>Composite materials</subject><subject>Crack propagation</subject><subject>Cyclic loads</subject><subject>Fatigue failure</subject><subject>Fiber composites</subject><subject>Fracture toughness</subject><subject>Light</subject><subject>Pattern analysis</subject><subject>Short fibers</subject><subject>Static loads</subject><subject>Survival</subject><subject>Teeth</subject><subject>Viscosity</subject><issn>2073-4360</issn><issn>2073-4360</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>PIMPY</sourceid><recordid>eNpdkc1r3DAQxU1paUK6x94FveTiZkYj26tLIN00H7AlkKRnIcvjXQWvtZHsQP77eNmlJJ3LDMyPN_N4WfYd4SeRhrNt6F43SEgSFHzKjiVUlCsq4fO7-SibpfQEU6miLLH6mh2RkoBK0nH29ypaN4yRxS9e2xcfogiteFiHOIgrX3PM79n3bYiOG3HpI7tB3HMaQrSDD30SvhdLG1cs_txdisWkMHhO37Ivre0Szw79ZLrz-3Fxky_vrm8XF8vckZZDrlSLoOeANdaVtLYsmHUJPNe6QcSmqqjFpgSn60YjoGurliQBSKixVDWdZOd73e1Yb7hx3A_RdmYb_cbGVxOsNx83vV-bVXgxc1khlTgJnB4EYngeJ19m45PjrrM9hzEZWai5AiLcoT_-Q5_CGPvJ3o7SBRVAxUTle8rFkFLk9t8zCGaXmfmQGb0B99GHsQ</recordid><startdate>20210623</startdate><enddate>20210623</enddate><creator>Fráter, Márk</creator><creator>Sáry, Tekla</creator><creator>Vincze-Bandi, Eszter</creator><creator>Volom, András</creator><creator>Braunitzer, Gábor</creator><creator>Szabó P., Balázs</creator><creator>Garoushi, Sufyan</creator><creator>Forster, András</creator><general>MDPI AG</general><general>MDPI</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-3858</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-7105</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-1613</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-2314</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20210623</creationdate><title>Fracture Behavior of Short Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations in Large MOD Cavities</title><author>Fráter, Márk ; Sáry, Tekla ; Vincze-Bandi, Eszter ; Volom, András ; Braunitzer, Gábor ; Szabó P., Balázs ; Garoushi, Sufyan ; Forster, András</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c392t-44f109801b1b72aa65ee960e899d111d773f1d60c9bd9101cf7f3230020b164b3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adhesives</topic><topic>Bearing capacity</topic><topic>Composite materials</topic><topic>Crack propagation</topic><topic>Cyclic loads</topic><topic>Fatigue failure</topic><topic>Fiber composites</topic><topic>Fracture toughness</topic><topic>Light</topic><topic>Pattern analysis</topic><topic>Short fibers</topic><topic>Static loads</topic><topic>Survival</topic><topic>Teeth</topic><topic>Viscosity</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Fráter, Márk</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sáry, Tekla</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vincze-Bandi, Eszter</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Volom, András</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Braunitzer, Gábor</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Szabó P., Balázs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garoushi, Sufyan</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Forster, András</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>AUTh Library subscriptions: ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Publicly Available Content (ProQuest)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>ProQuest Central China</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Fráter, Márk</au><au>Sáry, Tekla</au><au>Vincze-Bandi, Eszter</au><au>Volom, András</au><au>Braunitzer, Gábor</au><au>Szabó P., Balázs</au><au>Garoushi, Sufyan</au><au>Forster, András</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Fracture Behavior of Short Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations in Large MOD Cavities</atitle><jtitle>Polymers</jtitle><date>2021-06-23</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>13</volume><issue>13</issue><spage>2040</spage><pages>2040-</pages><issn>2073-4360</issn><eissn>2073-4360</eissn><abstract>The aim of this research was to study the impact of using a short fiber-reinforced composite (SFRC) core on the fatigue performance and fracture behavior of direct large posterior composite restorations. Moreover, the influence of the consistency (flowable or packable) of occlusal composite coverage was assessed. A total of 100 intact molars were collected and randomly distributed into five groups (n = 20). Deep mesio-occlusal-distal (MOD) cavities were prepared in all groups. After adhesive treatment and rebuilding the missing interproximal walls with conventional composite, the specimens in four experimental groups were restored by an SFRC core (everX Flow), which was applied and cured either in bulk or in oblique layers (each 2 mm thick). Packable (G-aenial Posterior) or flowable (G-aenial Injectable) conventional composites were used as a final occlusal layer. The control group was restored with only packable conventional composite. Fatigue survival was measured for all specimens using a cyclic loading machine until a fracture occurred or a total of 25,000 cycles was achieved. Kaplan–Meyer survival analyses were conducted, followed by pairwise log-rank post hoc comparisons. The static load-bearing capacity of surviving teeth was tested using a universal testing machine. Fracture patterns were evaluated visually. There was no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference in terms of survival between the tested groups. All groups for which flowable SFRC was used showed statistically significantly higher load-bearing capacities compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no significant differences regarding fracture resistance among the fiber-reinforced study groups. Regarding the fracture pattern during the survival analysis, all specimens that received SFRC showed a dominantly restorable type of fracture, while the control specimens presented a dominantly non-restorable type. The use of flowable SFRC as a reinforcing core for large MOD direct restorations showed promising achievements regarding fracture behavior.</abstract><cop>Basel</cop><pub>MDPI AG</pub><pmid>34201423</pmid><doi>10.3390/polym13132040</doi><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-3858</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3495-7105</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0365-1613</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9457-2314</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Adhesives Bearing capacity Composite materials Crack propagation Cyclic loads Fatigue failure Fiber composites Fracture toughness Light Pattern analysis Short fibers Static loads Survival Teeth Viscosity |
title | Fracture Behavior of Short Fiber-Reinforced Direct Restorations in Large MOD Cavities |
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