To handle the inflation of odds ratios in a retrospective study with a profile penalized log‐likelihood approach

Dear Editor, We read with great interest the paper authored by Chen et al. 1 entitled “Integrin α7 is overexpressed and correlates with higher pathological grade increased T stage advanced TNM stage as well as worse survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective study,” publis...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of clinical laboratory analysis 2021-07, Vol.35 (7), p.e23849-n/a
Main Author: Tzeng, I‐Shiang
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - mortality
Breast Neoplasms - pathology
Cathepsin D
Cathepsin D - metabolism
Cell survival
clear cell renal cell carcinoma
Clear cell-type renal cell carcinoma
Confidence Intervals
Female
Humans
Immunoreactivity
Kidney cancer
Letter to the Editor
Likelihood Functions
Logistic Models
methodology
monotone likelihood
Odds Ratio
Retrospective Studies
Risk Factors
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Summary:Dear Editor, We read with great interest the paper authored by Chen et al. 1 entitled “Integrin α7 is overexpressed and correlates with higher pathological grade increased T stage advanced TNM stage as well as worse survival in clear cell renal cell carcinoma patients: A retrospective study,” published in January 2020 in the Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis. TABLE 1 Summary of analysis of breast cancer data under Cox's proportional hazards regression model before and after modifying based on profile penalized log likelihood Characteristic HR 95% CI p-Value Modified HR 95% CI p-Value Tumor stage 3.593 1.343–9.616 0.0109 * 3.402 1.363–9.472 0.0082 * Nodal status 2.576 1.120–5.926 0.0260 * 2.507 1.120–5.833 0.0253 * Historical grading 100100000 0.000–Inf 0.9966 11.296 1.466–1451.946 0.0136 * Cathepsin D immunoreactivity 1.492 0.626–3.558 0.3670 1.488 0.627–3.512 0.3645 Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; Inf, infinite. *
ISSN:0887-8013
1098-2825
DOI:10.1002/jcla.23849