Analysis of infection rates and duration of short and long-term hemodialysis catheters in a teaching hospital

BACKGROUNDShort-term (ST) and long-term tunneled (LTT) central venous catheters for hemodialysis (CVCH) are critical for hemodialysis therapy. However, few studies have been conducted in Brazil to investigate the incidence of complications with these two types of catheters. OBJECTIVESTo analyze comp...

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Published in:Jornal vascular brasileiro 2020-09, Vol.19, p.e20190142-e20190142
Main Authors: de Jesus-Silva, Seleno Glauber, Oliveira, Jennifer Dos Santos, Ramos, Karine Tobias França, Morais, Luciene Azevedo, Silva, Melissa Andreia de Moraes, Krupa, Arturo Eduardo, Cardoso, Rodolfo Souza
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Language:English
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Summary:BACKGROUNDShort-term (ST) and long-term tunneled (LTT) central venous catheters for hemodialysis (CVCH) are critical for hemodialysis therapy. However, few studies have been conducted in Brazil to investigate the incidence of complications with these two types of catheters. OBJECTIVESTo analyze complications and duration of CVCH in a hemodialysis center at a teaching hospital. METHODSSingle-center, longitudinal, and retrospective study of 115 consecutive patients undergoing hemodialysis catheter placement (67 ST and 48 LTT) over a 2-year period, analyzing overall survival, patency, loss of access, and incidence of complications. RESULTSSixty percent of the patients were male and mean age was 62 years. The most common puncture site was the right internal jugular vein. Systemic arterial hypertension was present in 95% of cases. Median catheter in-place duration was 50 days (ST) vs. 112 days (LTT; p < 0.0001). There was no difference in overall survival. Incidence of catheter-related infection was higher in ST CVCH, with Staphylococcus sp. the microorganism most often found. The infection rate per 1000 days was higher in ST than in LTT catheters (16.7 events/1000 days vs. 7.0 events/1000 days). Low income was the only factor related to higher incidence of infection. CONCLUSIONSThe in-place duration of long-term catheters was significantly longer compared to short-term CVCH, but still below the values reported in the literature and without impact on overall survival. Low income was a factor associated with catheter infection.
ISSN:1677-5449
1677-7301
DOI:10.1590/1677-5449.190142