Therapeutic Potential of Engineered Extracellular Vesicles

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise a heterogeneous group of small membrane vesicles, including exosomes, which play a critical role in intracellular communication and regulation of numerous physiological processes in health and disease. Naturally released from virtually all cells, these vesicles...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The AAPS journal 2018-03, Vol.20 (3), p.50-50, Article 50
Main Authors: Mentkowski, Kyle I., Snitzer, Jonathan D., Rusnak, Sarah, Lang, Jennifer K.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Apoptosis
Biochemistry
Biocompatible Materials
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Biomimetics
Biotechnology
Cell Engineering
Drug Delivery Systems
Extracellular Vesicles
Humans
Pharmacology/Toxicology
Pharmacy
Review Article
Terminology as Topic
Theme: Therapeutic and Diagnostic Applications of Exosomes and other Extracellular Vesicles
Therapeutics
Tissue Distribution
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Summary:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) comprise a heterogeneous group of small membrane vesicles, including exosomes, which play a critical role in intracellular communication and regulation of numerous physiological processes in health and disease. Naturally released from virtually all cells, these vesicles contain an array of nucleic acids, lipids and proteins which they transfer to target cells within their local milieu and systemically. They have been proposed as a means of “cell-free, cell therapy” for cancer, immune disorders, and more recently cardiovascular disease. In addition, their unique properties of stability, biocompatibility, and low immunogenicity have prompted research into their potential as therapeutic delivery agents for drugs and small molecules. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of extracellular vesicle biology as well as engineering strategies in play to improve their therapeutic potential.
ISSN:1550-7416
1550-7416
DOI:10.1208/s12248-018-0211-z