The Uprising of Mitochondrial DNA Biomarker in Cancer

Cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases, the progression of which demands an accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations of the human nuclear genome or possibly in the mitochondrial genome as well. Despite modern diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to battle cancer, there are...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Disease markers 2021, Vol.2021, p.7675269-20
Main Authors: Mohd Khair, Siti Zulaikha Nashwa, Abd Radzak, Siti Muslihah, Mohamed Yusoff, Abdul Aziz
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biomarkers
Biomarkers, Tumor - metabolism
Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Carcinogens
Crosstalk
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA, Mitochondrial - metabolism
Epigenetics
Genomes
Humans
Medical research
Mitochondria
Mitochondrial DNA
Mutation
Neoplasms - metabolism
Review
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Summary:Cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases, the progression of which demands an accumulation of genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations of the human nuclear genome or possibly in the mitochondrial genome as well. Despite modern diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to battle cancer, there are still serious concerns about the increase in death from cancer globally. Recently, a growing number of researchers have extensively focused on the burgeoning area of biomarkers development research, especially in noninvasive early cancer detection. Intergenomic cross talk has triggered researchers to expand their studies from nuclear genome-based cancer researches, shifting into the mitochondria-mediated associations with carcinogenesis. Thus, it leads to the discoveries of established and potential mitochondrial biomarkers with high specificity and sensitivity. The research field of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) biomarkers has the great potential to confer vast benefits for cancer therapeutics and patients in the future. This review seeks to summarize the comprehensive insights of nuclear genome cancer biomarkers and their usage in clinical practices, the intergenomic cross talk researches that linked mitochondrial dysfunction to carcinogenesis, and the current progress of mitochondrial cancer biomarker studies and development.
ISSN:0278-0240
1875-8630
1875-8630
DOI:10.1155/2021/7675269