The Lepidopteran KAAT1 and CAATCH1: Orthologs to Understand Structure–Function Relationships in Mammalian SLC6 Transporters

To the SLC6 family belong 20 human transporters that utilize the sodium electrochemical gradient to move biogenic amines, osmolytes, amino acids and related compounds into cells. They are classified into two functional groups, the Neurotransmitter transporters (NTT) and Nutrient amino acid transport...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Neurochemical research 2022-01, Vol.47 (1), p.111-126
Main Authors: Castagna, Michela, Cinquetti, Raffaella, Verri, Tiziano, Vacca, Francesca, Giovanola, Matteo, Barca, Amilcare, Romanazzi, Tiziana, Roseti, Cristina, Galli, Alessandra, Bossi, Elena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Amines
Amino Acid Transport Systems - metabolism
Amino acids
Animals
Binding sites
Biochemistry
Biogenic amines
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biomedicine
Brain research
Carrier Proteins - metabolism
Cell Biology
Chloride
Cloning
Dopamine
Electrochemistry
Functional groups
Genes
Homeostasis
Humans
Insect Proteins - chemistry
Insect Proteins - genetics
Insect Proteins - metabolism
Insects
Laboratories
Mammals
Mammals - metabolism
Membrane Proteins - metabolism
Neurochemistry
Neurology
Neurosciences
Neurotransmitters
Original Paper
Physiology
Structure-Activity Relationship
Structure-function relationships
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Summary:To the SLC6 family belong 20 human transporters that utilize the sodium electrochemical gradient to move biogenic amines, osmolytes, amino acids and related compounds into cells. They are classified into two functional groups, the Neurotransmitter transporters (NTT) and Nutrient amino acid transporters (NAT). Here we summarize how since their first cloning in 1998, the insect ( Lepidopteran ) Orthologs of the SLC6 family transporters have represented very important tools for investigating functional–structural relationships, mechanism of transport, ion and pH dependence and substate interaction of the mammalian (and human) counterparts.
ISSN:0364-3190
1573-6903
DOI:10.1007/s11064-021-03410-1