An Update Report on the Biosafety and Potential Toxicity of Fullerene-Based Nanomaterials toward Aquatic Animals

Fullerene molecules are composed of carbon in the form of a hollow sphere, tube, or ellipsoid. Since their discovery in 1985, they have gained a lot of attention in many science fields. The unique carbon cage structure of fullerene provides immense scope for derivatization, rendering potential for v...

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Published in:Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity 2021, Vol.2021 (1), p.7995223-7995223
Main Authors: Malhotra, Nemi, Audira, Gilbert, Castillo, Agnes L., Siregar, Petrus, Ruallo, Johnsy Margotte S., Roldan, Marri Jmelou, Chen, Jung-Ren, Lee, Jiann-Shing, Ger, Tzong-Rong, Hsiao, Chung-Der
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Carbon
Chemical reactions
Composite materials
Contrast agents
Fullerenes
Fullerenes - chemistry
Graphite
Lubricants & lubrication
Nanomaterials
Nanostructures - chemistry
Review
Solvents
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Summary:Fullerene molecules are composed of carbon in the form of a hollow sphere, tube, or ellipsoid. Since their discovery in 1985, they have gained a lot of attention in many science fields. The unique carbon cage structure of fullerene provides immense scope for derivatization, rendering potential for various industrial applications. Thus, the prospective applications of fullerenes have led to assorted fullerene derivatives. In addition, their unique chemical structure also eases them to be synthesized through various kinds of conjugating techniques, where fullerene can be located either on the backbone or the branch chain. In this review, we have compiled the toxicity and biosafety aspects of fullerene in aquatic organisms since the frequent use of fullerene is likely to come in contact and interact with the aquatic environment and aquatic organisms. According to the current understanding, waterborne exposure to fullerene-based nanomaterials indeed triggers toxicities at cellular, organic, molecular, and neurobehavioral levels.
ISSN:1942-0900
1942-0994
DOI:10.1155/2021/7995223