Detrimental effect of diabetes and hypertension on the severity and mortality of COVID-19 infection: A multi-center case-control study from India

• Published in: Diabetes & metabolic syndrome clinical research & reviews 2021-09, Vol.15 (5), p.102248-102248, Article 102248
• Main Authors: Jayaswal, Sneha Kumar, Singh, Shalendra, Malik, Prabhat Singh, Venigalla, Sri Krishna, Gupta, Pallavi, Samaga, Shreyas N., Hota, Rabi Narayan, Bhatia, Surinder Singh, Gupta, Ishaan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Case-Control Studies; Child; Child, Preschool; Co-morbidities; Comorbidity; COVID-19; COVID-19 - complications; COVID-19 - epidemiology; COVID-19 - mortality; COVID-19 - pathology; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus - epidemiology; Diabetes Mellitus - mortality; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertension - complications; Hypertension - epidemiology; Hypertension - mortality; India - epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; Mortality; Original; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; SARS-CoV-2 - physiology; Severity; Severity of Illness Index; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1871-4021; 1878-0334; 1878-0334
• DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.102248

This study aims to find a quantitative association between the presence of co-existing diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or hypertension (HTN) with COVID-19 infection severity and mortality. A total of 813 patients with a positive COVID-19 were included. A case-control design was used to dissect the association between DM and HTN with COVID-19 severity and mortality. According to MOHFW guidelines, 535 (65.7%) patients had mild, 160 (19.7%) patients had moderate, and 118 (14.5%) patients had severe disease outcomes including mortality in 52 patients. Age, Neutrophil%, and Diabetes status were significantly associated with severe COVID-19 infection. After adjusting for age, patients with diabetes were 2.46 times more likely to have severe disease (Chi-squared = 18.89, p-value