Atypical myopathy in 2 Bactrian camels

Atypical myopathy (AM) is an acute seasonal rhabdomyolysis seen primarily in equids, caused by the ingestion of sycamore maple samaras containing hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclopropyl-glycine (MCPG). Toxic metabolites inhibit acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and enoyl-CoA hydratases, causing selective...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation 2021-09, Vol.33 (5), p.961-965
Main Authors: Hirz, Manuela, Gregersen, Henrike A., Sander, Johannes, Votion, Dominique M., Schänzer, Anne, Köhler, Kernt, Herden, Christiane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Acer
atypical myopathy
Brief Reports
Camelus
Horse
hypoglycin A
Life sciences
MCPA
Médecine vétérinaire & santé animale
Sciences du vivant
Veterinary medicine & animal health
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Summary:Atypical myopathy (AM) is an acute seasonal rhabdomyolysis seen primarily in equids, caused by the ingestion of sycamore maple samaras containing hypoglycin A (HGA) and methylenecyclopropyl-glycine (MCPG). Toxic metabolites inhibit acyl-CoA dehydrogenases and enoyl-CoA hydratases, causing selective hyaline degeneration of type I muscle fibers. Two zoo-kept Bactrian camels (Camelus bactrianus) with a fatal course of AM had sudden onset of muscle pain and weakness, recumbency, and dysphagia, accompanied by increased serum creatine kinase activity and detection in serum of HGA, MCPG, and metabolites. Medical treatment was ineffective. At postmortem examination, sycamore maple tree material was found within the first gastric compartment of the 2-y-old gelding. Although musculature was macroscopically normal, histologically, monophasic hyaline degeneration was marked within type I fibers of intercostal and hypoglossal muscles of the gelding, and in neck, tongue, and masticatory muscles of the cow. The ingestion of sycamore maple material can cause AM in Bactrian camels, and trees of the Sapindaceae family should be avoided in enclosures.
ISSN:1040-6387
1943-4936
DOI:10.1177/10406387211020721