Role of Cellular Senescence in Type II Diabetes

Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Endocrinology (Philadelphia) 2021-10, Vol.162 (10), p.1
Main Authors: Narasimhan, Akilavalli, Flores, Rafael R, Robbins, Paul D, Niedernhofer, Laura J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adipose tissue
Adipose Tissue - metabolism
Adipose Tissue - pathology
Adipose tissues
Aging
Aging - metabolism
Animals
B cells
Beta cells
Cardiovascular Diseases - metabolism
Cell fate
Cellular Senescence
Complications
Development and progression
Diabetes
Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - physiopathology
Diabetic Nephropathies - pathology
Diabetic Retinopathy - metabolism
Disease Models, Animal
Endocrinology
Homeostasis
Humans
Hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia - metabolism
Immune System
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin - metabolism
Insulin Resistance
Insulin-Secreting Cells - metabolism
Mice
Mini-Review
Obesity
Obesity - metabolism
Phenotype
Phenotypes
Senescence
Senescence-Associated Secretory Phenotype
TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases - metabolism
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Summary:Cellular senescence is a cell fate that occurs in response to numerous types of stress and can promote tissue repair or drive inflammation and disruption of tissue homeostasis depending on the context. Aging and obesity lead to an increase in the senescent cell burden in multiple organs. Senescent cells release a myriad of senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors that directly mediate pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, adipose tissue dysfunction, and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, which promote the onset of type II diabetes mellitus. In addition, hyperglycemia and metabolic changes seen in diabetes promote cellular senescence. Diabetes-induced cellular senescence contributes to various diabetic complications. Thus, type II diabetes is both a cause and consequence of cellular senescence. This review summarizes recent studies on the link between aging, obesity, and diabetes, focusing on the role of cellular senescence in disease processes.
ISSN:0013-7227
1945-7170
DOI:10.1210/endocr/bqab136