Toxic Effects of Inhaled Vanadium Attached to Particulate Matter: A Literature Review

Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem recognized by the World Health Organization as a major health risk factor that affects low-, middle- and high-income countries. Suspended particulate matter is among the most dangerous pollutants, since it contains toxicologically relevant agents, such...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:International journal of environmental research and public health 2021-08, Vol.18 (16), p.8457
Main Authors: Rojas-Lemus, Marcela, López-Valdez, Nelly, Bizarro-Nevares, Patricia, González-Villalva, Adriana, Ustarroz-Cano, Martha, Zepeda-Rodríguez, Armando, Pasos-Nájera, Francisco, García-Peláez, Isabel, Rivera-Fernández, Norma, Fortoul, Teresa I.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Air pollution
Burning
Health risks
Immunotoxicity
Inhalation
Literature reviews
Metals
Mortality
Neurotoxicity
Nitrogen dioxide
Outdoor air quality
Particulate matter
Plasma
Pollutants
Proteins
Respiration
Review
Risk analysis
Risk factors
Sulfur
Systems analysis
Toxicology
Transition metals
Vanadium
Vanadium compounds
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Summary:Environmental pollution is a worldwide problem recognized by the World Health Organization as a major health risk factor that affects low-, middle- and high-income countries. Suspended particulate matter is among the most dangerous pollutants, since it contains toxicologically relevant agents, such as metals, including vanadium. Vanadium is a transition metal that is emitted into the atmosphere especially by the burning of fossil fuels to which dwellers are exposed. The objective of this literature review is to describe the toxic effects of vanadium and its compounds when they enter the body by inhalation, based especially on the results of a murine experimental model that elucidates the systemic effects that vanadium has on living organisms. To achieve this goal, we reviewed 85 articles on the relevance of vanadium as a component of particulate matter and its toxic effects. Throughout several years of research with the murine experimental model, we have shown that this element generates adverse effects in all the systems evaluated, because it causes immunotoxicity, hematotoxicity, neurotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and reprotoxicity, among other noxious effects. The results with this experimental model add evidence of the effects generated by environmental pollutants and increase the body of evidence that can lead us to make more intelligent environmental decisions for the welfare of all living beings.
ISSN:1660-4601
1661-7827
1660-4601
DOI:10.3390/ijerph18168457